Distribution System Operation Toolbox Overview

► Back to the Main Page

Overview

This page provides an overview of all toolbox entries.

Currently, there are 100 entries listed.

You can sort the table by clicking on the arrows in the header cells. Click on the title in the second column for detailed information about the entry. If you believe an entry is missing, please feel free to add it here.

ID Number	Year	Title	Author	Type of Entry	Main Category	Country	Location within Country	File	Reference project name	Journal or conference name	URL	Active management of distribution grid	Enabling distributing technologies	Market-based and Tariff-based solutions	Connection agreement solutions	Distribution planning	Operation and maintenance	Information exchange
1	2019	Impact assessment of large scale integration of electric vehicle charging infrastructure in the electricity distribution system	PRDC, pManifold	Study Report	Enabling distributed technologies			No file uploaded.	Rooftop Solar Photovoltaic 2 (RTPV 2), Indo-German Energy Programme (IGEN)		https://changing-transport.org/wp-content/uploads/2019_Impact-assessment-of-EV-charging-Infrastructure-in-the-distribution-system.pdf	The Indian government has started an initiative with 30% electric vehicle sales by 2030 along with its clean energy generation. The integration of small quantities of EVs into the distribution grid will not impact the grid. However, moderate to high penetration of EVs into the distribution grid would most likely create some challenges in grid operation and management. This study suggests various interventions required from policies to technical required to facilitate the EV integration at large scale – for both central authorities and DISCOMs. The study was supported by conducting a simulation study – present and 2030 scenario – for a Delhi area.	Electric vehicles
2	2017	Analysis of Indian Electricity Distribution Systems for the Integration of High Shares of Rooftop PV	Energynautics GmbH, GSES India	Study Report	Distribution planning		Delhi and Bhopal	No file uploaded.	Integration of Renewable Energies in the Indian Electricity System (I-RE), Indo German Energy Programme		https://www.energyforum.in/fileadmin/user_upload/india/media_elements/publications/05_GIZ_PV_Integration_India_Summary_Report.pdf	Under the current national target based on National Solar Mission, 40 GW of rooftop PV shall be connected in India by 2022. To reach this target, a good understanding of the Indian power system, its regulatory frameworks, and the similarities and differences with other countries that have already deployed a large share of rooftop PV has to be developed by all stakeholders involved in the process. The study intends to provide an overview of the characteristics of the Indian power system and its problems with regard to a large scale rooftop PV rollout, as well as a template for distribution companies on how to deal with rising PV shares, which studies to conduct and which technology options to select. The scope of the study also includes detailed modelling and simulation of four different distribution grid feeders in Delhi and Bhopal.	Distributed generation (solar)
3	n/a	Draft Roadmap for Capacity Building of Distribution Utilities in India	Feedback Infra Pvt. Ltd., India; Energypeople, UK	Study Report	Other			No file uploaded.	Energy transition in India with distribution companies (DISCOMs)
4	2020	Proposed Financial Product: Loan to DISCOM (Grid-Connected Solar Powered Agriculture Pump)	Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India LLP	Other	Enabling distributed technologies			No file uploaded.				Loan to DISCOM is a financial product aimed at a power distribution company, DISCOM as the main project proponent wherein they will be taking up the entire investment for solarising individual pumps of farmers connected to the grid. In this proposed financial product DISCOM will solarise existing grid connected agriculture pumps. Support in form of Concessional line of credit to DISCOMs, Net Metering arrangement and feeder Segregation are required for this proposed product.	Distributed generation (small hydro) Distributed generation (others)
5	2020	Enhancing ROI in Commercial and Industrial Rooftop Solar & Stabilizing the RE Dominated Utility Grid Through Storage	Indo-German Energy Forum	Web Page	Enabling distributed technologies			No file uploaded.			https://www.energyforum.in/home/2020/20201210-smartere-enhancingroi/	A session conducted by IGEF to learn more about ‘Enhancing ROI in Commercial and Industrial Rooftop Solar & Stabilizing the RE Dominated Utility Grid Through Storage’. Experts from Siemens, Sandia National Laboratory shared their thoughts on the occasion. The entire session can be watched on the provided link.	Battery Energy Storage Systems Distributed generation (solar)
6	2018	Smart Metering Road Map for Nepal	Asian Development Bank	Study Report	Active management of distribution grid			No file uploaded.	Power Transmission and Distribution Efficiency Enhancement Project		https://www.adb.org/publications/smart-metering-road-map-nepal		Smart grids (AMI, smart meters, etc.) increase
7	2021	Study on Project to Grid and Project to Project Interconnection of Micro Hydro	Practical Action Consulting Private Limited	Study Report	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.	Renewable Energy for Rural Areas II (RERA-II) project				Distributed generation (small hydro)		Technical requirements for connection (grid codes, standards)	Interconnection application procedures Grid simulation studies
8	2020	Distribution System / Rural Electrification Master Plan Nepal	Gesto Energy Consulting	Study Report	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.				The overall objective of the Distribution System/Rural Electrification Master Plan assignment is to identify a least-cost and economically viable means to reinforce, upgrade and expand Nepal’s distribution system, including on- and off-grid options, to achieve universal access to electricity by 2023.	Distributed generation (solar) Distributed generation (small hydro)			Distribution planning / Electrification master plan
9	2021	Detailed Feasibility Study of Mini/Micro Hydropower Interconnected Mini Grid in Jumla	NEA Engineering Company Limited	Study Report	Distribution planning		Jumla	No file uploaded.	Renewable Energy for Rural Livelihood (RERL)			The project is focused on creating a mini grid by interconnecting several micro/mini hydropower in the vicinity of Jumla Bazar. Till date, Jumla Bazar is deprived of grid electricity. The expansion of electrical grid in Karnali Province is ongoing. National grid has been extended till Manma bazar. Karnali Provincial Office, Surkhet is extending the 33 kV lines under Dailekh Chilkha Jumla 33 kV Transmission Line and Substation Project. Jumla is expected to be connected to the central grid within next Fiscal Year. However, the mini grid would be a suitable solution for the present time. The mini grid should be able to connect to national gird in the future.	Distributed generation (small hydro)	Mini/micro-grids (when interconnected)	Technical requirements for connection (grid codes, standards)	Interconnection application procedures Grid simulation studies
10	2021	Grid Management Solutions to Support the Optimal Operation of Renewable Energy Sources in Power System	Fichtner GmbH; RCEE-NIRAS	Study Report	Active management of distribution grid			No file uploaded.	Smart Grids for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency (SGREEE)		https://smart-grid.vn/cus_event/final-workshop-on-grid-management-solutions-to-support-the-optimal-operation-of-renewable-energy-in-power-system/	Congestion Management	Smart grids (AMI, smart meters, etc.) increase Battery Energy Storage Systems		Demand Response
11	2021	SGREEE-AA1: Promoting Implementation of Demand Response Programs in Vietnam	CPCS Transcom Limited	Study Report	Market-based and tariff-based solutions			No file uploaded.	Smart Grids for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency project			Implementing Demand Response (DR) in Vietnam can bring multifaceted benefits to the country and provide economic, reliability, and system management benefits. While there have been successful DR pilot projects in Vietnam, a number of barriers remain to DR’s implementation. This report is the Final Report of the assignment “Promoting Implementation of Demand Response Programs in Vietnam” carried out for GIZ. It is divided into three main parts. It begins with a review of the current DR regulatory and policy framework and institutional context. It follows with a review of international DR best practices, especially those that are most relevant to the Vietnam context. Finally, it outlines recommendations for DR program implementation for the short, medium, and long term. The Assignment focuses on the following DR programs: Curtailable Load Program – CLP Emergency Demand Response Program – EDRP Real-time peak-load electricity tariff program			Demand Response
12	2020	Comments on the draft regulation for power forecasting in Vietnam	Energy & Meteo Systems GmbH	Study Report	Active management of distribution grid			No file uploaded.	Smart Grids for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency			In the first part, the proposed regulation from EVN (letter no. 1404/EVN-KTSX to ERAV) is reviewed and commented. The goal is to give expert advice how the regulatory framework can be improved, drawing from international state-of-the-art in power forecasting. While commenting the regulatory issues, the effort and challenges of managing a decentralized power forecasting system will become clear as well. In the second part, the report raises the fundamental question of the advantages and disadvantages of a centralized versus a decentralized forecasting system. The goal is to provide decision-makers in Vietnam with crucial information on best practices of implementing an efficient power forecasting system. This is considered highly important since Vietnam is about to take fundamental decisions on its future prediction system. In order to transfer international experiences with decentralized forecasting systems, brief showcases from the Dominican Republic and Mexico are presented.	Forecasting
13	2021	SGREEE-AA1: Revision of Viet Nam’s Smart Grids Roadmap. Smart Grid Index Evaluation Methodology	DERlab	Study Report	Active management of distribution grid			No file uploaded.	Smart Grids for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency			this document presents the methodology and work plan proposed by DERlab to analysis the current Smart Grid roadmap and identify the gaps and challenges. Moreover, it would position Viet Nam Smart Grid development in comparison to other countries. Furthermore, DERlab would propose some recommendations at the end of the project to update and improve the Viet Nam Smart Grid Roadmap.	Smart grids (AMI, smart meters, etc.) increase
14	2019	Revision of Grid Code and Distribution Code for facilitating Variable Renewable Energy Integration – Final Report	Moeller & Poeller Engineering GmbH; VietnamMW Co., Ltd	Study Report	Connection agreement solutions			No file uploaded.	Smart Grids for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency			In Vietnam, as is the case for many other countries around the globe, it is expected that more and more synchronous generating systems will be replaced by non-synchronous generating systems in the near future. To reflect the fact that this will cause substantial changes to the performance characteristics of the future Vietnamese power system, ERAV has proposed amendments to the Vietnamese Grid Code. These changes are considered necessary to ensure secure system operation of the future Vietnamese power system. GIZ has engaged the consultatns to review the existing grid code together with the proposed amendments.			Technical requirements for connection (grid codes, standards)
15	2021	SGREEE-AA3: The Virtual Power Plant Technology and potential for application in Vietnam	Energy & Meteo Systems	Study Report	Active management of distribution grid			No file uploaded.	Smart Grids for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency			The goal of this study is to provide a comprehensive introduction into the Virtual Power Plant technology and explore its possible deployment in Vietnam to address some of the challenges of the energy transition. Monitoring Solutions Control Solutions	Forecasting		VPP and aggregators (market integration of DERs)
16	2022	Workshop Slides: Grid Integration of Grid-Connected Photovoltaics	Renewables Academy (RENAC) AG	Training Material	Enabling distributed technologies			No file uploaded.				Slides of workshop “grid integration of grid-connected photovoltaics”: Session 1: From DC to AC – photovoltaic and inverter technology; Session 2: Voltage control and support strategies with grid connected rooftop PV; Session 3: Short term PV power forecast for grid operation; Session 4: Frequency control with grid connected rooftop PV.	Forecasting Distributed generation (solar)	Inverter-specific aspects	Technical requirements for connection (grid codes, standards)
17	2018	Understanding DERMS	Electric Power Research Institute	Study Report	Active management of distribution grid			No file uploaded.	Integration of Distributed Energy Resources (P174)		https://www.epri.com/research/products/3002013049	DERMS Monitoring Solutions Control Solutions
18	2020	Distributed Energy Resources (DER) Visibility and Monitoring Best Practice Guide	Various (technology providers within DER industry in Australia)	Guidelines	Information exchange			No file uploaded.			https://www.dermonitoring.guide/	This Distributed Energy Resources (DER) Visibility and Monitoring Best Practice Guide (the Guide) has been developed by the DER industry to specify the data required to enable the transition of our electricity network to a high penetration DER grid. DER includes rooftop solar, batteries, and other appliances such as Electric Vehicles (EV) chargers. This Best Practice Guide is a voluntary Guide. This Guide specifies what data is required to be collected. How this data is managed and made available to the industry regulators and operators requires further work to ensure appropriate and cost effective data privacy and security is maintained. Monitoring Solutions Control Solutions	Battery Energy Storage Systems Electric vehicles Distributed generation (solar)
19	2020	Data Model and Data Acquisition for PV registration schemes and grid connection evaluations – Best Practice and Recommendations	IEA Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme Task 1 and 14 Members	Study Report	Information exchange			No file uploaded.	IEA PVPS Task 1 & Task 14		https://iea-pvps.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/2020_11_30-PVPS-T1-T14-Data-Model-for-PV-Systems.pdf	This report shows how different countries deal with the DER data collection, with a focus on PV systems. This report also provides a complete overview of all the relevant aspects that need to be addressed and foresee information that will be relevant in the future. ISBN 978-3-906042-98-5 Monitoring Solutions	Distributed generation (solar)				Centralised information database (e.g. DER register, GIS, etc.)
20	2018	International Review of Residential PV Feed-in Management	Electric Power Research Institute	Study Report	Active management of distribution grid			No file uploaded.			https://aemo.com.au/-/media/Files/Electricity/NEM/DER/2019/Standards-Protocols/EPRI-PV-Feed-in-Management-Report.pdf	The Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) is investigating technological and functional solutions to the challenge of integrating large amounts of distributed, residential-scale photovoltaic (PV) generation. Information is provided on the following five key elements necessary to perform management of PV feed-in: device hardware, communication protocols, network infrastructure, a management system, and interconnection agreements. EPRI conducted interviews with representatives from entities facing similar challenges, including from the United States, Germany, Japan, and parts of Australia outside of the National Electricity Market and South West Interconnected System. The interviews and research revealed similar efforts to AEMO, yet none in widespread use that simultaneously address all three challenges of 1) high PV penetrations, 2) consisting mostly of small, distributed PV systems, and 3) on systems without strong (or any) interconnections to neighboring countries or regions. In considering solutions, a holistic view of PV management that includes more than just feed-in management (e.g. other advanced inverter functionalities and customer control of their net energy output) is likely on the horizon. Control Solutions	Distributed generation (solar)		Technical requirements for connection (grid codes, standards)
21	2020	Communication and Control for High PV Penetration under Smart Grid Environment_Overview on Control Strategies and Communications Technologies	IEA Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme Task 14 members	Study Report	Active management of distribution grid			No file uploaded.	IEA PVPS Task 14		https://iea-pvps.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Task14-12_Communication-and-Control_report.pdf	The IEA PVPS Task 14 Subtask C “PV in Smart Grids” will explore the communication and control for high penetration PV systems. The main intention is to survey the appropriate control strategies and communication technologies to integrate a high number of distributed PV systems into a smart electricity network. This Report summarizes the survey on the existing PV communication and control practice among Task 14 participating countries as well as reviews the literature of the state-of-the-art concepts for integration PV system under smart grid environment. Monitoring Solutions Control Solutions	Smart grids (AMI, smart meters, etc.) increase Distributed generation (solar)
22	2018	Common Smart Inverter 8 Profile 9 IEEE 2030.5 Implementation Guide for Smart Inverters	Sunspec Common Smart Inverter Profile Working Group	Guidelines	Information exchange			No file uploaded.	SunSpec IEEE 2030.5 Conformance Profiles Work Group		https://sunspec.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/CSIPImplementationGuidev2.103-15-2018.pdf	This guide serves to assist manufacturers, Distributed Energy Resources (DER) operators, system integrators and DER aggregators to implement the Common Smart Inverter Profile (CSIP) implementation guide for IEEE 2030.5. CSIP was developed as an outgrowth of the California Rule 21 Smart Inverter process to create common communication profile for inverter communications that could be relied on by all parties to foster “plug and play” communications-level interoperability between the California IOU’s and 3rd party operated smart inverters or the systems/service providers managing those inverters. Monitoring Solutions Control Solutions			Technical requirements for connection (grid codes, standards)
23	2017	Electricity storage and renewables: Costs and markets to 2030	International Renewable Energy Agency	Study Report	Enabling distributed technologies			No file uploaded.			https://www.irena.org/publications/2017/oct/electricity-storage-and-renewables-costs-and-markets	Includes: the role of electricity storage in the energy transition, electricity storage system characteristics and applications, electricity storage system costs and performance to 2030, and global electricity storage market outlook to 2030. Very comprehensive material on electricity storage.	Battery Energy Storage Systems
24	2019	Electric-vehicle smart charging innovation landscape brief	International Renewable Energy Agency Innovation and Technology Centre	Study Report	Enabling distributed technologies			No file uploaded.				Smart charging means adapting the charging cycle of EVs to both the conditions of the power system and the needs of vehicle users. This facilitates the integration of EVs while meeting mobility needs. A short report about smart charging.	Electric vehicles
25	2022	Handbook on Planning and Operating an E-Mobility Infrastructure	Deutsche Energie-Agentur GmbH (dena), RE-xpertise, Energynautics	Guidelines	Enabling distributed technologies			No file uploaded.	German-Turkish Energy Partnership		https://www.energypartnership-turkiye.org/home/	The current status of e-mobility and its growth potential vary significantly among different countries. While countries like Norway, the Netherlands and Germany have already gained significant experience with growing e-mobility markets, other countries like Turkey, MENA countries and island states like the Dominican Republic are just starting to expand their electric vehicle fleets. Driven by climate policies, both groups of countries articulate high ambitions to grow this segment further. Hence, both groups would benefit equally from a straightforward overview of the challenges associated with integrating charging infrastructure for electric vehicles into the electricity grid. The aim of this document is to provide such an overview in an easily accessible manner.	Electric vehicles
26	2019	Powered up: charging EVs without stressing the electricity network	Western Power Distribution; Network Innovation Allowance	Study Report	Enabling distributed technologies		Western Power Distribution region (Midlands, South Wales and the South West)	No file uploaded.	Electric Nation		https://www.electricnation.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Electric-Nation-Powered-Up-Report-WEB.pdf	The Electric Nation project was concerned with private cars powered either entirely by electricity (“battery electric vehicles” or BEVs), or those with a conventional engine combined with a battery that can be recharged by plugging in (“plug-in hybrid electric vehicles” or PHEVs). All these cars can be plugged in to a chargepoint to fill up their battery and so are referred to collectively as “plug-in electric vehicles” or PEVs. When launched, Electric Nation was the world’s largest home smart charging trial with nearly 700 Electric Vehicle (EV) owners taking part in the 18-month trial. Electric Nation sought to find out two things: what will be the effect of PEV uptake on low-voltage electricity networks and can smart charging help mitigate these effects?	Electric vehicles
27	2019	About the Electric Nation Project	Western Power Distribution	Web Page	Enabling distributed technologies		South West, South Wales, West Midlands, East Midlands	No file uploaded.	Electric Nation		https://www.nationalgrid.co.uk/innovation/projects/electric-nation	The web page provides the objectives, research problems and methods of the Electric Nation project.	Electric vehicles
28	2020	Batteries for electric cars: Fact check and need for action	Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI	Study Report	Enabling distributed technologies			No file uploaded.			https://www.isi.fraunhofer.de/content/dam/isi/dokumente/cct/2020/Fact_check_Batteries_for_electric_cars.pdf	The fact check examines twelve questions along the battery value creation chain from raw material extraction, material/ component manufacture, production of battery cells, modules and packs through their use in the vehicles up to closedloop recycling concepts. Answers to these questions are found by comparing and evaluating relevant studies (meta literature analysis) and articles as well as some of Fraunhofer ISI‘s own scientific analyses.	Electric vehicles
29	2021	Key strategies to help cities overcome the charging challenge quickly, easily, and at lower cost	Bernard, Marie Rajon	Web Page	Enabling distributed technologies			No file uploaded.			https://theicct.org/key-strategies-to-help-cities-overcome-the-charging-challenge-quickly-easily-and-at-lower-cost/		Electric vehicles
30	2020	Electric vehicle charging guide for cities	Hall, Dale; Lutsey, Nic	Study Report	Enabling distributed technologies			No file uploaded.			https://theicct.org/publication/electric-vehicle-charging-guide-for-cities/	Global electric vehicle uptake has grown an average of over 60% per year from 2013 to 2018, to about 5 million light-duty electric vehicles on roads around the world. Public charging infrastructure has also grown an average of over 60% annually over the same period, reaching 600,000 charge points at the end of 2018. However, there remains considerable uncertainty around the ideal amount and type of charging infrastructure needed, and how to finance and manage the charging network. This report summarizes research and trends in the top electric vehicle markets around the world.	Electric vehicles
31	2015	Hydropower Technology Brief	International Renewable Energy Agency; International Energy Agency	Study Report	Enabling distributed technologies			No file uploaded.	Energy Technology Systems Analysis Programme			Includes: Process and Technology Status, Performance and Costs, Potential and Barriers.	Distributed generation (small hydro)
32	2019	Small Hydropower Technical Guidelines	United Nations Industrial Development Organization; International Network on Small Hydro Power	Guidelines	Enabling distributed technologies			No file uploaded.			https://www.unido.org/our-focus-safeguarding-environment-clean-energy-access-productive-use-renewable-energy-focus-areas-small-hydro-power/shp-technical-guidelines	Through global expert cooperation based on successful experiences, UNIDO jointly with INSHP decided to develop Small Hydropower Technical Guidelines (SHP/TGs) to meet the demand existing in Member States. The TGs address the current limitations of the regulations applied to the technical guidelines for small hydropower (SHP) plants drawing on the expertise and best practices from across the globe. The TGs can be taken as principle and basis for planning, designing, construction and management of SHP plants up to 30MW.	Distributed generation (small hydro)
33	2014	Mini-Grid Policy Toolkit Portal	EU Energy Initiative Partnership Dialogue Facility (EUEI PDF); Inensus	Guidelines	Enabling distributed technologies			No file uploaded.	Africa-EU Renewable Energy Cooperation Programme		http://minigridpolicytoolkit.euei-pdf.org/index.html	Learn the essentials on mini-grid business models, policy frameworks and technologies.		Mini/micro-grids (when interconnected)
34	2020	Research Roadmap on Grid-Forming Inverters	National Renewable Energy Laboratory	Study Report	Enabling distributed technologies			No file uploaded.			https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy21osti/73476.pdf	This report is intended to provide a comprehensive analysis of the challenges in integrating inverter-based resources and offer recommendations on potential technology pathways to inform the academic community, industry, and government research organizations. This roadmap attempted to envision the key short- and long-term research-and-development needs for inverter-based resource grid-forming controls, protection, and modeling as part of hybrid grids. Control Solutions		Inverter-specific aspects		Grid simulation studies Protection coordination and adjustments
35	2019	Aggregators innovation landscape brief	International Renewable Energy Agency	Study Report	Market-based and tariff-based solutions			No file uploaded.				This brief about aggregators includes the sections: contribution to power sector transformation, key factors to enable deployment, current status and examples of ongoing initiatives, and implementation requirements checklist.			VPP and aggregators (market integration of DERs)
36	n/a	Virtual Power Plant (VPP) Demonstrations	Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO)	Web Page	Market-based and tariff-based solutions			No file uploaded.	AEMO’s VPP Demonstrations		https://aemo.com.au/en/initiatives/major-programs/nem-distributed-energy-resources-der-program/der-demonstrations/virtual-power-plant-vpp-demonstrations	AEMO’s trial framework allowed VPPs to demonstrate their capability to deliver services in contingency FCAS (through a trial specification) and respond to energy market price signals. By trialling VPP operations while aggregated fleets remain of a small scale, the VPP Demonstrations were able to provide information regarding the effective integration of VPPs into the NEM before they reach large scale. Reports and webinars covering different aspects of the demonstrations can be donwloaded from the website.			VPP and aggregators (market integration of DERs)
37	2019	Demand-side flexibility for power sector transformation	International Renewable Energy Agency	Study Report	Market-based and tariff-based solutions			No file uploaded.				Analytical brief including sections on solutions to provide demand-side flexibility, examples of demand-side flexibility in actual practice, and innovations that enable demand-side flexibility applications.			Demand Response
38	2019	Innovation landscape brief: Time-of-use tariffs	International Renewable Energy Agency	Study Report	Market-based and tariff-based solutions			No file uploaded.				An innovation brief about time-of-use tariffs covering their contribution to power sector transformation, key factors to enable deployment, current status and examples of ongoing initiatives, and implementation requirements checklist.			Demand Response
39	2022	Grid codes for renewable powered systems	International Renewable Energy Agency, Energynautics	Study Report	Connection agreement solutions			No file uploaded.			https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Grid-codes-for-renewable-powered-systems	This report contains the latest developments and good practices to develop grid connection codes for power systems with high shares of variable renewable energy – solar photovoltaic and wind. The analysis is an update of the 2016 IRENA report Scaling up variable renewable power: The role of grid codes. This report elaborates on the latest developments and experiences related to technical requirements for connecting variable renewable energy generators and enabling technologies such as storage, electric vehicles or flexible demand.			Technical requirements for connection (grid codes, standards)	Compliance mechanisms
40	2019	Highlights of IEEE Standard 1547-2018	Narang, David (NREL)	Other	Connection agreement solutions			No file uploaded.			https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy20osti/75436.pdf	Slides from webinar Presented to Arkansas DER Interconnection Stakeholders.			Technical requirements for connection (grid codes, standards)
41	2019	An Overview of Distributed Energy Resource (DER) Interconnection: Current Practices and Emerging Solutions	National Renewable Energy Laboratory	Study Report	Connection agreement solutions			No file uploaded.			https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy19osti/72102.pdf	A comprehensive report. Includes sections: Interconnection Application Procedures and Management, Technical Screens for DER Interconnection, Advanced Inverters, IEEE 1547 (2003-2018), Strategies and Upgrades for Mitigating the Distribution System Impacts of DERs, Cost Allocation, Predicting Future DER Growth, Cybersecurity, and Storage and Solar + Storage Interconnection.		Inverter-specific aspects	Technical requirements for connection (grid codes, standards)	Interconnection application procedures Grid simulation studies
42	n/a	Rule 21 Interconnection	State of California	Web Page	Connection agreement solutions		California	No file uploaded.			https://www.cpuc.ca.gov/rule21/	Information about California’s Rule 21. Rule 21 describes the interconnection, operating and metering requirements for generation facilities to be connected to a utility’s distribution system.			Technical requirements for connection (grid codes, standards)	Interconnection application procedures
43	2021	Introduction to the Compliance Process	NG Electricity System Operator	Guidelines	Connection agreement solutions			No file uploaded.			https://www.nationalgrideso.com/document/190686/download	This document summarises the Operational Notification and Compliance Process (ONCP) facilitated by National Grid ESO in respect of new generation connections.				Compliance mechanisms
44	2022	Long-tailed distributions and electrification planning: why we need to model the long tail of large consumers	Lee, Stephen J.; Taneja, Jay	Article	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			https://www.energyforgrowth.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Long-tailed-distributions-and-electrification-planning_-why-we-need-to-model-the-‘long-tail-of-large-consumers.pdf					Distribution planning / Electrification master plan
45	2020	PV Generation Hosting Capacity in Dominican Distribution Grids	Energynautics	Study Report	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			https://transicionenergetica.do/2021/07/29/pv-generation-hosting-capacity-in-dominican-distribution-grids-full-study-available-in-english-now/	this study analyses the maximum PV penetration levels on a number of representative, real distribution feeders in the Dominican Republic and provides recommendations to improve the current regulatory landscape for distributed generation. Control Solutions			Technical requirements for connection (grid codes, standards)	Interconnection application procedures Grid simulation studies Protection coordination and adjustments
46	2017	Do It Locally: Local Voltage Support by Distributed Generation – A Management Summary	Fraunhofer IWES	Study Report	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.	IEA Task 14 Subtask 2		https://iea-pvps.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Task_14_Report__Do_It_Locally_IEA_Final_T14.08.pdf	Recommendations based on research and field experience on local voltage support by distributed generation, including impact on grid operation and planning, and advantages and disadvantages for the different reactive power and active power control strategies, which can assist decision-making for the application of local voltage support by DG. Control Solutions			Technical requirements for connection (grid codes, standards)	Grid simulation studies
47	2022	Recommendations for the Planning of PV-Rich Distribution Networks: An Australian Case Study	Nacmanson, William J.; Ochoa, Luis Nando	Article	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			https://electrical.eng.unimelb.edu.au/power-energy/projects/pv-rich-distribution-networks#resources	This paper consolidates the findings from the “Advanced Planning of PV-Rich Distribution Networks” project and provides a series of planning recommendations to help distribution companies in Australia, and internationally, take adequate planning actions that facilitate the widespread adoption of residential photovoltaic (PV) systems in a costeffective and practical manner. A set of considerations are presented to perform an advanced model-based approach for solar PV hosting capacity and potential solution assessments in distribution networks. A summary of the seven investigated complete solutions and their costs for the four Australian fullymodelled high-voltage (HV) and corresponding attached lowvoltage (LV) feeders, forming integrated HV-LV feeders (including urban and rural), are presented, considering PV penetrations in both the short-to-medium and long terms. The uploaded paper was accepted, not yet published. Check URL for the latest version of the paper.	Distributed generation (solar)			Distribution planning / Electrification master plan
48	n/a	Advanced Planning of PV-Rich Distribution Networks	The University of Melbourne	Web Page	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			https://electrical.eng.unimelb.edu.au/power-energy/projects/pv-rich-distribution-networks#resources	In this website, you will find papers, reports and webinars with recommendations for advanced planning of PV-rich distribution networks.				Grid simulation studies
49	2017	Optimizing the Grid: Regulator’s Guide to Hosting Capacity Analyses	Interstate Renewable Energy Council	Guidelines	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			https://irecusa.org/resources/optimizing-the-grid-regulators-guide-to-hosting-capacity-analyses/	Utility regulators play a key role in ensuring hosting capacity analyses are deployed strategically, prudently and for the benefit of all energy customers. This guide will assist state regulators in guiding and overseeing utilities as they conduct hosting capacity analyses on their distribution circuits, as part of a broader grid modernization or distribution planning efforts and/or in support of their state’s near- and long-term energy policy goals. Please donwload file in the URL provided. User email required.	Battery Energy Storage Systems Distributed generation (solar)			Interconnection application procedures Grid simulation studies
50	2018	Recommended Practises for Wind and PV Integration Studies	IEA-Wind and IEA-PVPS Expert Group Members	Study Report	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.	IEA WIND Task 25, IEA PVPS Task 14		https://iea-pvps.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/T14-10_2018_Wind-PV_Integration_Studies.pdf	This Expert Group Report provides recommendations on how to perform studies of wind and solar PV integration. It is based on more than 10 years of work within the International Energy Agency Wind TCP Task 25 and the Photovoltaic Power System Programme Task 14. An integration study seeks to find issues to energy systems, as well as mitigation measures, to absorb certain amounts of generation from wind or solar energy.	Distributed generation (solar) Distributed generation (others)
51	2016	High-Penetration PV Integration Handbook for Distribution Engineers	Electrical Distribution Design; National Renewable Energy Laboratory	Guidelines	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.	NREL/SCE Hi-Pen Project		https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy16osti/63114.pdf	This handbook was developed for practicing distribution system engineers working in North America. The handbook is written to present the potential impacts of high-penetration PV integration, provide model-based analysis approaches for determining the level of PV impact and suggest potential mitigation measures that could be taken to reduce PV impacts to distribution system engineers with a working knowledge of distribution systems planning and operations. While the focused development of the handbook has been distribution system engineers, it is the authors’ hope that this handbook will find as wide a usage as possible potentially including personnel at all positions at a utility, by PV developers, researchers and even energy customers wanting a better understanding of the distribution system. While the research that produced this handbook was focused on the integration of utility-scale PV system (1-5 MW) much of the information contained in the following pages is also relevant for the integration of large numbers of small PV systems as are found in some residential neighborhoods throughout the country.				Grid simulation studies Protection coordination and adjustments
52	2007	Protection coordination planning with distributed generation	Qualsys Engco. Inc.	Study Report	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/sites/www.nrcan.gc.ca/files/canmetenergy/files/pubs/2007-149e.pdf	This study presents and demonstrates a generalized assessment procedure for determining the impact of the integration of DG on the protection practices of distribution systems. The developed method enables arriving at the penetration limit for DG, considering the most important protection impacts in terms of DG size, location and technology. The assessment considers the impact on coordination, de-sensitisation, nuisance fuse blowing, bidirectional relay requirements, and the impact of interconnection transformers and grounding practices [2]. In Final Report – CETC-Varennes 2007-149 (TR) 2 June 2007 addition, special attention has been made to the islanded mode of operation. The method is demonstrated using different types of distribution system configuration (urban, suburban and rural) based upon Canadian benchmark systems.	Distributed generation (solar) Distributed generation (others)			Grid simulation studies Protection coordination and adjustments
53	2017	Protection coordination in distribution systems with and without distributed energy resources- a review	Singh, Manohar	Article	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.		Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems	https://pcmp.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s41601-017-0061-1	New protection coordination schemes are required for providing the adequate protection coordination for distributed energy resources connected electric power networks. In the available literature, the protection coordination schemes for radial distribution systems and developments in the area of protection coordination are discussed in detail. A thorough review for all these protection coordination schemes for distribution systems with and without distributed energy resources is done in this review article. It includes the analytical and artificial intelligence based techniques application for coordination of protective relays in the distribution systems. The limitations and research gaps in the area of protection coordination schemes are also presented in this review article. The aim of this research paper is to bring all the available research in the area of relay coordination on one platform, so that it will help the emerging researcher to identify the future scope of relay coordination application for distributed energy resources connected distribution systems.				Protection coordination and adjustments
54	n/a	AEMO DER Register	Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO)	Web Page	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			https://aemo.com.au/energy-systems/electricity/der-register	This is AEMO's website with information on Austalia's DER Register. The DER Register is a database of information about DER devices installed in the NEM that is foundational to AEMO’s Distributed Energy Resources (DER) Program. The visibility of installed DER devices allows AEMO to better manage the electricity grid and ensure reliable, secure and affordable energy for all Australians. The DER Register stores information about a DER device installed on-site at a residential or business location. This information will be requested by Network Services Providers (or network operators) from qualified electrical contractors and solar installers at the time of the DER installation.	Battery Energy Storage Systems Electric vehicles Distributed generation (solar) Distributed generation (small hydro) Distributed generation (others)				Centralised information database (e.g. DER register, GIS, etc.)
55	2020	Data Model and Data Acquisition for PV registration schemes and grid connection evaluations – Best Practice and Recommendations	IEA Photovoltaic Power Systems Task 1 and 14 members	Study Report	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.	IEA Photovoltaic Power Systems Task 1 and 14		https://iea-pvps.org/key-topics/data-model-and-data-acquisition-for-pv-registration-schemes-and-grid-connection-best-practice-and-recommendations/	This report shows how different countries deal with the DER data collection, with a focus on PV systems. This report also provides a complete overview of all the relevant aspects that need to be addressed and foresee information that will be relevant in the future. A growing trend towards centralised databases can be observed, in several countries, the owner of DER are obliged to register their systems in a central database and to keep this register up to date. However, the data model and thereby the level of detail in the individual registers varies a lot. Data of PV plants are necessary for a range of use cases. Policy makers should know the impact of policies on the market, FIT agencies must know exactly which system produces how much energy, and system operators must be able to calculate the impact of the PV system to their grid, to name just a few. In this report, the different use cases are addressed and recommendations for the implementation of a database are given.	Distributed generation (solar)				Centralised information database (e.g. DER register, GIS, etc.)
56	2022	Making urban power distribution systems climate-resilient	Yue, Yunfeng (ADB)	Article	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/799071/sawp-093-urban-power-distribution-systems-climate-resilient.pdf	This working paper investigates solutions that can contribute to building a strong, robust, and resilient power distribution network. First, it describes the major internal and external risks and challenges that urban power systems face. The paper outlines vulnerabilities against the main features of building resilient power distribution networks. Second, it puts forward a range of detailed solutions based on case studies that highlight the capacity of risk perception, system flexibility, hardware endurance, emergency response, and outage recovery. Third, it describes the role of renewable energy and microgrid in improving the resilience of future power distribution networks.		Mini/micro-grids (when interconnected)			Disaster management and resilience
57	2019	Stronger Power: Improving Power Sector Resilience to Natural Hazards	The World Bank	Study Report	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/31910/Stronger-Power-Improving-Power-Sector-Resilience-to-Natural-Hazards.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y	This paper, prepared as a sectoral note for the Lifelines report on infrastructure resilience, investigates the vulnerability of the power system to natural hazards and climate change, and provides recommendations to increase its resilience. It first describes how power outages are often the consequence of natural disasters and outlines the main vulnerabilities of the power sector. It then proposes a range of approaches and solutions for building a more resilient power sector – from increased robustness to greater flexibility – showing that the additional cost of resilience is not high if resources are well spent. Finally, it describes how emergency preparedness and disaster recovery encompass not only technical aspects, like asset strengthening or criticality analysis, but also “softer” skills, like governance, regulatory or capacity building, and education.					Disaster management and resilience
58	2016	Climate Change and the Electricity Sector: Guide for Assessing Vulnerabilities and Developing Resilience Solutions to Sea Level Rise	U.S. Department of Energy	Guidelines	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			http://www.ourenergypolicy.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Climate-Change-and-the-Electricity-Sector-Guide-for-Assessing-Vulnerabilities-and-Developing-Resilience-Solutions-to-Sea-Level-Rise-July-2016.pdf	This report was prepared to provide guidance for analyzing climate resilience challenges and opportunities in the power sector. The document is intended to be relevant to public and private sector stakeholders―particularly, the electricity sector―who are interested in evaluating how climate change hazards may impact the ability to provide service and implement measures to enhance resilience to climate change. The reference is limited to coastal climate hazards of flooding and permanent inundation due to SLR, as well as flooding from storm surge associated with extreme storm events. The document includes examples of climate resilience challenges and opportunities related to generation, transmission, and distribution assets, recognizing that the affected sectors may have different responsibilities for different types of assets or portions of the overall electricity system. This report provides principles that are meant to apply broadly to key aspects of any climate resilience analysis rather than instructions for a specific analysis. It also includes general reference on how to estimate the costs and benefits of resilience measures but does not serve as a manual for calculating economic benefits of resilience measures.					Disaster management and resilience
59	2019	Extreme Weather and Climate Vulnerabilities of the Electric Grid: A Summary of Environmental Sensitivity Quantification Methods	Oak Ridge National Laboratory	Study Report	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.			https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/09/f67/Oak_Ridge_National_Laboratory_EIS_Response.pdf	Climate hazards and extreme weather affect all components of the electric grid system, from generation to end use. Increasing temperatures, decreasing water availability, more intense storm events, and sea level rise affect the ability of the electric grid to produce and transmit electricity from fossil, nuclear, and existing and emerging renewable energy sources. Most electricity infrastructure is built for past or current climate conditions. Due to long lifetimes, electricity systems are likely to be exposed more frequently to more extreme climate conditions than those for which they were designed, and may not operate as intended under changing climate conditions. Utilities, regulators, state energy offices, and other electricity system planners are beginning to conduct environmental risk assessments, develop climate resilience plans, and incorporate changing climate conditions into long-term planning processes. Here, we highlight the analytical resources available for sensitivity assessment of electrical grid components under extreme weather and climate, and identify gaps in the literature on quantitative methods available for assessment of component vulnerability.					Disaster management and resilience
60	2019	Asset management and maintenance: a smart grid perspective	Jung, Chan-Mook; Ray, Papia; Salkuti, Surender Reddy	Article	Operation and Maintenance			No file uploaded.		International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering	https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/329118241.pdf	Asset management describes the intended maintenance, asset replacement and contingency plans for each asset, and provides detail on the expenditure associated with each of these plans. Aging assets, uncertainty in load demand profile and renewable energy resources, and demand management create a challenge for the optimal maintenance and operation of electrical grid. This paper addresses the challenges and opportunities to improve the smart grid asset management and maintenance. This paper also presents the asset replacement alternatives. This paper discussed various issues of smart grid asset management in terms of various functions, importance, pros and cons relative to it. It also discusses various software tools available in the market and their functionality, challenges and improvements required to match the grid standards and expectations.	Smart grids (AMI, smart meters, etc.) increase				Asset management
61	2016	Distribution Automation: Results from the Smart Grid Investment Grant Program	U.S Department of Energy	Study Report	Operation and Maintenance			No file uploaded.	The Smart Grid Investment Grant (SGIG) Program		https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2016/11/f34/Distribution_Automation_Summary_Report_09-29-16.pdf	Across the United States, more than 6 million miles of distribution lines and more than 200,000 distribution circuits provide the critical link between the bulk power grid and 160 million electricity customers.1 Distribution automation (DA) uses digital sensors and switches with advanced control and communication technologies to automate feeder switching; voltage and equipment health monitoring; and outage, voltage, and reactive power management. Automation can improve the speed, cost, and accuracy of these key distribution functions to deliver reliability improvements and cost savings to customers. This report shares key results from the 62 SGIG projects implementing DA technologies and also documents lessons learned on technology installation and implementation strategies. With this report, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) aims to further accelerate grid modernization by helping decision makers better assess the benefits and costs of DA investments and learn from leading edge utilities. Monitoring Solutions Control Solutions	Smart grids (AMI, smart meters, etc.) increase					Distribution transformer health
62	2021	Informative Background on the Interoperability Requirements in IEEE Std 1547-2018	Ingram, Michael; Rasel Mahmud; David Narang; NREL	Study Report	Information exchange			No file uploaded.			https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy21osti/77959.pdf	The revised Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 1547-2018, Standard for Interconnection and Interoperability of Distributed Energy Resources with Associated Electric Power Systems Interfaces, was published in April 2018. This standard is one of the foundational documents in the United States needed for integrating distributed energy resources (DERs), including solar energy systems, with the electric distribution grid. This document provides supplementary information to help stakeholders apply the interoperability requirements specified in Clause 10 of the revised standard. Monitoring Solutions Control Solutions			Technical requirements for connection (grid codes, standards)
63	2017	Cyber Security Primer for DER Vendors Aggregators and Grid Operators	Sandia National Laboratories	Study Report	Information exchange			No file uploaded.			https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1761987	This report provides an introduction to cyber security for distributed energy resources (DER) - such as photovoltaic (PV) inverters and energy storage systems (ESS). This material is motivated by the need to assist DER vendors, aggregators, grid operators, and broader PV industry with cyber security resilience and describe the state-of-the-art for securing DER communications. The report outlines basic principles of cyber security, encryption, communication protocols, DER cyber security recommendations and requirements, and device-, aggregator-, and utility-level security best practices to ensure data confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Example cyber security attacks, including eavesdropping, masquerading, man-in-the-middle, replay attacks, and denial-of-service are also described. A survey of communication protocols and cyber security recommendations used by the DER and power system industry are included to elucidate the cyber security standards landscape. Lastly, a roadmap is presented to harden end-to-end communications for DER with research and industry engagement.	Battery Energy Storage Systems Distributed generation (solar)
64	2017	Roadmap for Photovoltaic Cyber Security	Sandia National Laboratories	Study Report	Information exchange			No file uploaded.			https://sunspec.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Roadmap-for-Photovoltaic-Cyber-Security-SAND2017-13262-4-10-2018.pdf	Cyber-secure, resilient energy is paramount to the prosperity of the United States. As the experience and sophistication of cyber adversaries grow, so too must the US power system’s defenses, situational awareness, and response and recovery strategies. Traditionally, power systems were operated with dedicated communication channels to large generators and utility owned assets but now there is greater reliance on photovoltaic (PV) systems to provide power generation. PV systems often communicate to utilities, aggregators, and other grid operators over the public internet so the power system attack surface has significantly expanded. At the same time, solar energy systems are equipped with a range of grid-support functions, that—if controlled or programmed improperly—present a risk of power system disturbances. This document is a five year roadmap intended to chart a path for improving cyber security for communication-enabled PV systems with clear roles and responsibilities for government, standards development organizations, PV vendors, and grid operators.	Distributed generation (solar)
65	2019	Recommendations for Trust and Encryption in DER Interoperability Standards	Sandia National Laboratories	Study Report	Information exchange			No file uploaded.			https://sunspec.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Recommendations-for-Trust-and-Encryption-in-DER-Interoperability-Standards-SAND2019-1490.pdf	Recently developed Distributed Energy Resource (DER) interoperability standards include communication and cybersecurity requirements. In 2018, the US national interconnection standard, IEEE 1547, was revised to require DER to include a SunSpec Modbus, IEEE 2030.5 (Smart Energy Profile, SEP 2.0), or IEEE 1815 (DNP3) communication interface but does not include any normative overarching cybersecurity requirements. IEEE 2030.5 and associated implementation requirements for California, known as the California Smart Inverter Profile (CSIP), prescribe the greatest security features—including encryption, authentication, and key management requirements. SunSpec Modbus and IEEE 1815 security requirements are not as comprehensive, leading to implementation questions throughout the industry. In this paper, (a) the elements of IEEE 2030.5 encryption, authentication, and key management guidelines are analyzed, (b) potential scalability gaps are identified, and (c) alternative technologies are explored for possible inclusion in DER interoperability or cybersecurity standards.
66	2019	An integrated approach to active system management with the focus on TSO–DSO coordination in congestion management and balancing	CEDEC, E.DSO, Eurelectric, GEODE, ENTSO-E	Study Report	Information exchange			No file uploaded.			https://www.entsoe.eu/news/2019/04/16/a-toolbox-for-tsos-and-dsos-to-make-use-of-new-system-and-grid-services/	In the present report, active power management, as a part of ASM is described and analysed from the perspective of a close collaboration of TSOs and DSOs, for congestion management in both distribution and transmission grids and system balancing when such services are provided in a market-based approach by flexibilities owned and operated by third parties. Many other ASM solutions coexist as mentioned in the toolbox above, but they are not analysed in the present report. In addition, reactive power management has been left out of the report. The reason to concentrate first on congestion management and balancing services provided by third parties is the importance of TSO–DSO coordination for these processes to ensure the security of supply. In a later stage, other elements or purposes of ASM could be commonly investigated by DSOs and TSOs. Congestion Management
67	2020	Lessons learned from international projects on TSO-DSO interaction	Herndler, B.	Article	Information exchange			No file uploaded.		r International Smart Grid Action Network (ISGAN) Discussion Papers	https://www.iea-isgan.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Lessons-learned-from-international-projects-on-TSO-DSO-interaction.pdf	This task aims to identify and consolidate the lessons learned from international projects, use cases, and best practices on TSO-DSO interaction. The results have been obtained from projects that are still in their early phases based on their preliminary findings as well as those that have reached their dissemination stages. Furthermore, this work aims to present a global view of developments of TSO-DSO interaction based on collaboration from stakeholders within the ISGAN community, as well as additional collaboration partners (TSOs, DSOs, project leaders, etc). The outcomes of the study aim to provide a short overview based on the key outcomes of the investigation, this will take the form of a video type deliverable. The video provides a high-level overview which encapsulates the main findings, while this report forms a supplementary consolidation of the results in order to provide additional information in more detail.
68	2016	TSO–DSO Data Management Report	ENTSO-E, CEDEC, GEODE, EURELECTRIC and EDSO for Smart Grids	Study Report	Information exchange			No file uploaded.			https://www.entsoe.eu/2016/07/27/tso-dso-data-management-report/	TSO–DSO Data Management Report that includes topics such as common understanding of terms related to data management, CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVES OF DATA MANAGEMENT, KEY PRINCIPLES FOR DATA MANAGEMENT, NEEDS AND USES FOR THE DATA. A first objective was to agree upon a common terminology for the concepts discussed by all participants. A second objective was to reach a common understanding of data needs that come from (certain) roles and responsibilities (especially those generally allocated to TSOs and/or DSOs). This was identified as a critical building block for more advanced discussions on data management. Congestion Management
69	2018	Coordination of Distributed Energy Resources; International System Architecture Insights for Future Market Design	Newport Consortium (Energeia, Strategen, Hawaiian Electric, Dr. Lorenzo Kristov and Dr. Jeffrey Taft)	Study Report	Information exchange			No file uploaded.			https://www.aemo.com.au/-/media/Files/Electricity/NEM/DER/2019/OEN/Newport-Intl-Review-of-DER-Coordination-for-AEMO-final-report.pdf	Effective integration of large scale DER into the electric network as well as utilization of DER services for wholesale markets and distribution network services will require operational and market coordination between AEMO and distribution network operators. This involves developing effective system architecture, including market designs, and operational structures (including controls) to execute DER coordination reliably, otherwise customer value may be negatively impacted. This analysis raises the need for early identification and action of long-lead time matters and the potential need for interim measures to be implemented by AEMO under the current regulatory regime. To this end, this report developed by the Newport Consortium of leading experts on DER coordination architectures summarises international experiences to-date and employs comparative analysis to assist AEMO in exploring options for future system architectures for the coordination of DER.
70	2018	International R&D Project Collection – Advanced Cooperation between Distribution and Transmission Network Operation	Fraunhofer IEE; IEA PVPS Task 14 members	Study Report	Information exchange			No file uploaded.	IEA PVPS Task 14 Activity 2.7		https://iea-pvps.org/key-topics/international-rd-project-collection-advanced-cooperation-between-distribution-and-transmission-network-operation/	This report is a collection of international R&D projects, with a focus on advanced TSO/DSO cooperation procedures. Therefore, 19 international R&D projects from the United States, Europe, and Japan have been identified and their objectives, key findings, and recommendations have been collected and summarized.	Distributed generation (solar)
71	2016	The Value of Aggregators in Electricity Systems	Burger, Scott; Chaves-Ávila, Pablo; Battle, Carlos; Pérez-Arriaga,, Ignacio J	Article	Market-based and tariff-based solutions			No file uploaded.			https://energy.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/CEEPR_WP_2016-001.pdf	Aggregators are being lauded as critical in enabling DERs to provide valuable electricity services at scale; in this light, regulatory and policy bodies are discussing the role of aggregators and even the need to support their market entry. In order to shed light on this debate, this paper reflects on the economic fundamentals of aggregators. We perform a critical review of the potential value of aggregators, defining the factors that is determining and will determine their role in power systems under different technological and regulatory scenarios. We identify three categories of value that aggregators may create: fundamental, transitory, and opportunistic. Fundamental value (e.g. economies of scale) is intrinsic to aggregation and is independent of the market or regulatory context. Transitory value may be diminished by technological or regulatory advances; for example, “energy boxes” that automate market interaction could mitigate the value in aggregators doing so. Opportunistic value emerges as a result of regulatory or market design flaws and may endanger the economic efficiency of the power system.			VPP and aggregators (market integration of DERs)
72	n/a	AEMO's wholesale demand response mechanism	Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO)	Web Page	Market-based and tariff-based solutions			No file uploaded.			https://aemo.com.au/initiatives/trials-and-initiatives/wholesale-demand-response-mechanism	AEMO is working with the industry to implement a Wholesale Demand Response (WDR) mechanism in the National Electricity Market (NEM). The WDR mechanism allows demand side (or consumer) participation in the wholesale electricity market at any time, however, most likely at times of high electricity prices and electricity supply scarcity. ‘Demand Response Service Providers’ (DRSP) classify and aggregate the demand response capability of large market loads for dispatch through the NEM’s standard bidding and scheduling processes. The DRSP receive payment for the dispatched response, measured in Mega-Watt hours (MWh) against a baseline estimate, at the electricity spot price. In the webpage, the latest information on the mechanism can be found, alomg with annual reports.			Demand Response
73	n/a	Project EDGE	Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO)	Web Page	Market-based and tariff-based solutions		North-east Victoria	No file uploaded.			https://aemo.com.au/initiatives/major-programs/nem-distributed-energy-resources-der-program/der-demonstrations/project-edge	The project demonstrates how consumer participation in a DER marketplace could be facilitated. A consumer chooses to engage an aggregator who utilises the consumer owned DER to deliver electricity services within the DER marketplace, in exchange for monetary compensation. The services required are determined by AEMO, or the Distribution Network Service Provider (DNSP).			VPP and aggregators (market integration of DERs)
74	2019	Electric Program Investment Charge 2.02 – Distributed Energy Resource Management System Final Report	Pacific Gas and Electric	Study Report	Active management of distribution grid		California	No file uploaded.	EPIC 2.02 – Distributed Energy Resource Management System		https://www.pge.com/pge_global/common/pdfs/about-pge/environment/what-we-are-doing/electric-program-investment-charge/PGE-EPIC-2.02.pdf	This report summarizes the project objectives, technical results and lessons learned for EPIC Project 2.02 - Distributed Energy Resource Management System (DERMS). The main objective of the DERMS Demo was to test and demonstrate that new technologies can provide the functionality to monitor and control DERs to manage system constraints and evaluate the potential value of DER flexibility to the grid. The DERMS Demo demonstrated that value from DERs to provide grid services could be realized. This demonstration drove learnings about the people, process, and technology needed to operate the high DER penetration grid of the future. The challenges and lessons learned through this implementation helped move the industry and PG&E forward in the DERMS space, while grounding perspectives of near-term versus future needs and capabilities. DERMS Monitoring Solutions Control Solutions	Smart grids (AMI, smart meters, etc.) increase		VPP and aggregators (market integration of DERs)
75	2022	Distributed energy resource management systems—DERMS: Stateof the art and how to move forward	Strezoski, L.	Article	Active management of distribution grid			No file uploaded.			https://wires.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/wene.460	Due to an ever-increasing rise in proliferation of distributed energy resources (DERs), the paradigm of passive electrical distribution networks is shifting toward active distribution systems. This new environment introduces a plethora of challenges that cannot be managed by traditional tools, whose utilization could compromise the reliability and efficient operation of distribution feeders. This article systematically reviews state of the art in different DERs management software solutions available today. Additionally, it establishes distinguished roles and responsibilities of different levels of hierarchy in distinct solutions that are all commonly called DERs management systems—DERMS (e.g., fully centralized versus fully decentralized DER management solutions). Lastly, it offers a viewpoint on the directions that hold potential for the power system community and industry to explore for further developments of more robust and intelligent DERMS, to successfully enable efficient transition into a new era of clean and sustainable power systems, encompassing active and dynamically changing distribution circuits. DERMS Monitoring Solutions Control Solutions		Mini/micro-grids (when interconnected)	VPP and aggregators (market integration of DERs)
76	2015	Guidelines for Implementing Advanced Distribution Management Systems. Requirements for DMS Integration with DERMS and Microgrids	Argonne National Laboratory	Guidelines	Active management of distribution grid			No file uploaded.			https://publications.anl.gov/anlpubs/2015/08/120642.pdf	This guideline focuses on the integration of DMS with DERMS and microgrids connected to the distribution grid by defining generic and fundamental design and implementation principles and strategies. It starts by addressing the current status, objectives, and core functionalities of each system, and then discusses the new challenges and the common principles of DMS design and implementation for integration with DERMS and microgrids to realize enhanced grid operation reliability and quality power delivery to consumers while also achieving the maximum energy economics from the DER and microgrid connections. DERMS Monitoring Solutions Control Solutions		Mini/micro-grids (when interconnected)		Protection coordination and adjustments
77	2018	White Paper on VPPs and DERMSs: Different Sides to the Same Coin	Asmus, Peter	Article	Active management of distribution grid		Ontario	No file uploaded.			https://www.caba.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/IS-2018-325.pdf	The purpose of this white paper is to define terms such as virtual power plant (VPP) and distributed energy resources management system (DERMS) and note their similarities and differences. Navigant Research also examines how these two approaches to the management of customer-sited assets might evolve, overlap, and distinguish themselves in the future. The white paper highlights how Alectra, a public utility operating in Ontario, is exploring use cases and applications that piggyback on previous microgrids. It aims to serve as a guide for other software providers and utilities that join this journey toward squeezing the most value out of generation, load, and energy storage for prosumers, utilities, and other grid operators. DERMS			VPP and aggregators (market integration of DERs)
78	2020	A Review of Health Assessment Techniques for Distribution Transformers in Smart Distribution Grids	Tran, Q.T.; Davies, K.; Roose, L.; Wiriyakitikun, P.; Janjampop, J.; Riva Sanseverino, E.; Zizzo, G	Article	Operation and Maintenance			No file uploaded.			https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/22/8115	Due to the large number of distribution transformers in the distribution grid, the status of distribution transformers plays an important role in ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the these grids. To evaluate the distribution transformer health, many assessment techniques have been studied and developed. These tools will support the transformer operators in predicting the status of the distribution transformer and responding effectively. This paper will review the literature in the area, analyze the latest techniques as well as highlight the advantages and disadvantages of current methodologies. Monitoring Solutions	Smart grids (AMI, smart meters, etc.) increase					Distribution transformer health
79	2016	Forecasting Wind and Solar Generation: Improving System Operations (Short Summary)	Greening the Grid	Other	Active management of distribution grid			No file uploaded.	Greening the Grid		https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy16osti/65728.pdf	A short introduction to forecasting wind and solar, including: forecasting methods, differences in wind versus solar forecasting, centralised versus decentralised forecasting, and integration of RE forecasting into system operations.	Forecasting Distributed generation (solar) Distributed generation (others)
80	2022	Unlocking the Potential of Distributed Energy Resources: Power system opportunities and best practices	International Energy Agency	Study Report	Market-based and tariff-based solutions			No file uploaded.			https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/3520710c-c828-4001-911c-ae78b645ce67/UnlockingthePotentialofDERs_Powersystemopportunitiesandbestpractices.pdf	DERs can create new power system opportunities, but at the same time, can pose new challenges when a grid has not been properly prepared. Many jurisdictions are just beginning to understand how DERs fit into the wider energy landscape – what they are and what impacts they have on the grid, and how they can be used to improve system reliability and reduce overall energy costs. Meanwhile, other regions have built up experience with DERs, demonstrating that they can provide valuable services to the grid when incentivised with appropriate technologies, policies and regulations. Nonetheless, not all countries use the same electricity market model or are at the same stage of DER penetration, and the fit-for-purpose solutions will vary from place to place. This report reviews lessons from forerunners and distils best practices (with examples and case studies) to help policymakers, regulators and system operators across the globe understand what experience is most relevant to their own situation. Readers will be able to draw on a wide range of practical insights for electricity market design and regulation to help unlock the multiple grid benefits of DER technologies.	Battery Energy Storage Systems Electric vehicles Distributed generation (solar) Distributed generation (small hydro) Distributed generation (others)		VPP and aggregators (market integration of DERs)	Distribution planning / Electrification master plan
81	2020	Advanced forecasting of variable renewable power generation: innovation landscape brief	International Renewable Energy Agency	Study Report	Active management of distribution grid			No file uploaded.			https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2020/Jul/IRENA_Advanced_weather_forecasting_2020.pdf		Forecasting Distributed generation (solar) Distributed generation (others)
82	2020	Predictive congestion management for Redispatch 2.0	Enercast	Web Page	Active management of distribution grid			No file uploaded.			https://www.enercast.de/magazine/predictive-congestion-management-for-redispatch-2-0/	Explanation of Redispatch 2.0 in Germany, a planned redispatch in the event of grid congestion. Congestion Management	Forecasting
83	n/a	Small-scale Renewable Energy Scheme inspections	Clean Energy Regulator of Australia	Web Page	Connection agreement solutions			No file uploaded.			https://www.cleanenergyregulator.gov.au/RET/Scheme-participants-and-industry/Agents-and-installers/Small-scale-Renewable-Energy-Scheme-inspections#Smallscale-Renewable-Energy-Scheme-inspection-results	AEMO has been collaborating with the Clean Energy Regulator (CER) and the Clean Energy Council (CEC) to incorporate inverter settings checks into the CER’s existing inspection program as part of its Small-scale Renewable Energy Scheme. It was identified that as much as 40% of grid-connected inverters installed with rooftop solar PV systems since 2016 may not comply with some of the mandatory settings prescribed in AS/NZS 4777.2:2015 and the relevant Distribution Network Service Provider (DNSP) connection agreements. This is causing issues for grid reliability and security that without rectification will limit consumers’ choice to invest in DER. The information collected through the inverter settings checks in the CER inspection program will provide insights to better understand reasons for non-compliance to AS/NZS4777.2 and assist in improving processes to minimise this.	Distributed generation (solar) Distributed generation (small hydro) Distributed generation (others)			Compliance mechanisms
84	2020	Too much of a good thing? Global trends in the curtailment of solar PV	O'Shaughnessy, Eric; Cruce, Jesse R.; Xu, Kaifeng	Article	Active management of distribution grid			No file uploaded.		Solar Energy	https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038092X20309166?via=ihub	Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems generate electricity with no marginal costs or emissions. As a result, PV output is almost always prioritized over other fuel sources and delivered to the electric grid. However, PV curtailment is increasing as PV composes greater shares of grid capacity. In this paper, we present a novel synthesis of curtailment in four key countries: Chile, China, Germany, and the United States. We find that about 6.5 million MWh of PV output was curtailed in these countries in 2018. We find that: Policy and grid planning practices influence where, when, and how much PV is curtailed; Some PV curtailment is attributable to limited transmission capacity connecting remote solar resources to load centers; PV curtailment peaks in the spring and fall, when PV output is relatively high but electricity demand is relatively low. We discuss available measures to reduce PV curtailment as well as increasing PV curtailment in the contexts of evolving grids and energy technologies. Control Solutions Congestion Management	Distributed generation (solar)
85	2018	Renewable energy policy database and support	Various	Web Page	Market-based and tariff-based solutions		EU countries	No file uploaded.	RES LEGAL		http://www.res-legal.eu/about-res-legal-europe/	"RES LEGAL Europe is a professionally edited and free of charge online database on support schemes, grid issues and policies regarding renewable energy sources in the EU 28 Member States, the EFTA Countries and some EU Accession Countries. The database covers all three energy sectors: electricity, heating & cooling and transport."			VPP and aggregators (market integration of DERs)
86	n/a	Demand Response to Price: State of the Art in Europe	ENTSO-E	Web Page	Market-based and tariff-based solutions			No file uploaded.			https://www.entsoe.eu/Technopedia/techsheets/demand-response-to-price				Demand Response
87	2018	Tucson Electric Power Project RAIN: October 2018 Update	Electric Power Research Institute	Study Report	Active management of distribution grid			No file uploaded.	Tucson Electric Power Project RAIN		https://www.epri.com/research/products/000000003002014812	"Project RAIN — Resource Aggregation and Integration Network — is one of the first globally to explore how distributed generation and energy storage might be combined with flexible loads (such as electric vehicle chargers or smart thermostats) to respond optimally to dynamic system needs. Open standards and protocols such as SunSpec Modbus and OpenADR are being utilized in an effort to improve future system performance and reduce integration costs. Several controller vendors (both established and new entrants) were engaged in laboratory testing, though the field trial features a single control system that is coordinating DER from multiple suppliers. In this first report, findings are shared from the experimental design, laboratory testing, and initial field installation stages of the project." DERMS			Demand Response
88	2017	Simulation of Hawaiian Electric Companies Feeder Operations with Advanced Inverters and Analysis of Annual Photovoltaic Energy Curtailment	National Renewable Energy Laboratory	Study Report	Enabling distributed technologies		Hawaii	No file uploaded.	Task No. WRHV.1000		https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy17osti/68681.pdf		Distributed generation (solar)	Inverter-specific aspects	Technical requirements for connection (grid codes, standards)	Grid simulation studies
89	n/a	Embedded capacity register	Scottish and Southern Electricity Networks	Web Page	Distribution planning		South of England, North of Scotland	No file uploaded.			https://www.ssen.co.uk/our-services/tools-and-maps/embedded-capacity-register/	Register for generation and storage resources above 1MW connected to the distribution system.					Centralised information database (e.g. DER register, GIS, etc.)
90	2019	Distribution System Upgrade Unit Cost Database	National Renewable Energy Laboratory	Web Page	Other			No file uploaded.			https://data.nrel.gov/submissions/101	This database contains unit cost information for different components that may be used to integrate distributed photovotaic DPV systems onto distribution systems.	Distributed generation (solar)
91	2020	Grid Integration Series: Variable Renewable Energy Forecasting	USAID	Study Report	Active management of distribution grid			No file uploaded.	Scaling Up Renewable Energy Project		https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1865/USAID_SURE_Variable-Renewable-Energy-Forecasting.pdf	A summary of best practices in VRE forecasting.	Forecasting
92	2015	Micro Hydro Interconnected Mini Grids in Nepal: Potential and Pitfalls	Shakya, Bhupendra ; Bruce, Anna; Macgill, Iain	Article	Enabling distributed technologies			No file uploaded.			https://www.researchgate.net/publication/290245036_Micro_Hydro_Interconnected_Mini_Grids_in_Nepal_Potential_and_Pitfalls_Experience_from_a_pilot_Interconnected_Mini_Grid_projects_in_rural_Nepal	"...This paper disseminates experiences from Urja Upatyaka, where an interconnected mini grid connecting six MHMGs was developed as a pilot project in western Nepal; as well as insights from a number of other such interconnected grids at different stages of development in Nepal. Development costs for the pilot project proved relatively high, and such projects will therefore only be commercially viable if the project cost can be reduced, or if significant increases in electricity consumption and hence revenue result from the development of the interconnected mini grid. Nevertheless, assessment of the pilot project, as well as feasibility studies from the other projects reveal that these have already delivered many direct benefits, as well as providing lessons which will facilitate further development of interconnected mini grids. This paper identifies some of the key benefits of Micro Hydro Interconnected Mini Grids2 (MHIMGs), and factors that can contribute to their successful deployment and operation."		Mini/micro-grids (when interconnected)
93	2013	Comprehensive Study of Community Managed Mini Grid	Pokhrel, Sanjeev; Singal, S.K.; Singh, S.N	Article	Enabling distributed technologies			No file uploaded.		International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering	https://www.academia.edu/9202227/Comprehensive_Study_of_Community_Managed_Mini_Grid?email_work_card=view-paper	"Mini-Grid is an innovative and cost effective solution to deliver reliable electricity supplies to households andcommercial use. Implementing such projects involves complex technical, financial, policy and organizational issueswhich must address the end-users and their needs. Other challenges include capacity building and training, tariff andsubsidy mechanism and institutional strength. The current paper deals with the comprehensive study of communitymanaged mini-grid having few micro-hydropower plants in Nepal. The lesson learned from these projects will create anew approach towards mini-grid in technology and model transfer. The paper intends to explore the technology adoptedfor mini-grid, the governance practice for implementing the project, policy barriers and related issues regarding thesustainability of the project."		Mini/micro-grids (when interconnected)
94	n/a	Asset Management, Tools and Procedures	ENTSO-E	Web Page	Operation and Maintenance		EU countries	No file uploaded.			https://www.entsoe.eu/Technopedia/techsheets/asset-management-tools-and-procedures						Asset management
95	2020	GPS based GIS survey and mapping as a pilot project for 1 feeder of Bhaktapur substation	Comtroncis Pvt. Ltd	Study Report	Distribution planning		Nagarkot	No file uploaded.	Nepal Energy Efficiency Program III								Centralised information database (e.g. DER register, GIS, etc.)
96	2018	Upgradation, Implementation and Piloting of Online Data Portal for NEA's Distribution System	Upveda Technology Pvt. Ltd	Study Report	Distribution planning			No file uploaded.	Nepal Energy Efficiency Programme 3			Monitoring Solutions					Centralised information database (e.g. DER register, GIS, etc.)
97	2018	Maintenance guide for liquid filled distribution transformers	Wilson Power Solutions	Web Page	Operation and Maintenance			No file uploaded.	https://www.wilsonpowersolutions.co.uk/app/uploads/2017/10/Wilson%E2%80%A2MaintenanceManual-v2018_v7.pdf								Distribution transformer maintenance
98	n/a	Guide to Understanding IT/OT Convergence and the Future of Digital Grid Solutions	TRC Companies	Web Page	Operation and Maintenance			No file uploaded.			https://www.trccompanies.com/insights/guide-to-it-ot-convergence/							Information and operational technology
99	2021	Variable Renewable Energy Generation Forecasting and Integration with Dispatching	USAID	Video	Active management of distribution grid			No file uploaded.	Scaling Up Renewable Energy		https://www.usaid.gov/energy/sure/vre-forecasting-webinar	"This webinar explores how Indonesia, Kazakhstan, and Pakistan deploy variable renewable energy generation forecasting tools to ensure effective grid management and electricity system reliability."	Forecasting Distributed generation (solar) Distributed generation (others)
100	2016	Forecasting residential solar photovoltaic deployment in California	National Renewable Energy Lab.	Article	Active management of distribution grid		California	No file uploaded.		Technological Forecasting and Social Change	https://www.osti.gov/pages/biblio/1347199		Forecasting Distributed generation (solar)