Electrochemical Energy Storage (PA Technology)

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Last modified by Axel Heinemann on 2014-12-15. This is a wiki so please feel free to update information by clicking on "Edit with form". | Printable version

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Name of technology example:		Type
Electrochemical Energy Storage		☐ Energy Efficiency ☑ Renewable Energy ☑ Alternative Methodology

Description	A rechargeable battery, storage battery, secondary battery or accumulator is a type of electrical battery. It comprises one or more electrochemical cells, and is a type of energy accumulator used for electrochemical energy storage. It is technically known as a secondary cell because its electrochemical reactions are electrically reversible. Rechargeable batteries come in many different shapes and sizes, ranging from button cells to megawatt systems connected to stabilize an electrical distribution network. Several different combinations of chemicals are commonly used, including: lead–acid, nickel cadmium (NiCd), nickel metal hydride (NiMH), lithium ion (Li-ion), and lithium ion polymer (Li-ion polymer). Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rechargeable_battery In agriculture, electrochemical energy storages can be used in autonomous renewable supply systems for off-grid farms and other facilities. On-grid, it can be used as backup system for critical processes (for example in dairy farms or aquacultures).
Technology for the Application of	☑ Solar ☐ Biomass ☐ Biofuel ☐ Biogas ☑ Wind ☐ Geo-Thermal ☐ Hydro ☐ Energy Efficiency ☐ Other: /
Primarily Relevant for the following Agricultural Value Chain Steps	☐ Mechanization ☐ Efficiency of Operation ☐ Processing ☐ Transportation ☐ Controlled Atmosphere ☐ Controlled Temperature ☐ Mechanical Sorting ☐ Preservation ☑ Other: All value chain steps with electrical power demand
Primarily Relevant for the following Agricultural Value Chain Activities	☐ Grinding ☐ Hauling and conveying ☐ Sorting ☐ Seedbed Preparation ☐ Milling ☐ Tearing ☐ Planting ☐ Washing ☐ Mixing ☐ Pumping ☐ Heating ☐ Drying ☐ Irrigation ☐ Cooling ☐ Animal feeding ☐ Fertilizing ☐ Venting ☐ Animal health and Welfare ☐ Pest Management ☐ Lighting ☐ Packing and branding ☐ Cutting ☐ Sanitation ☑ Other: All value chain activities with electrical power demand
Primarily Implemented in the following Commodity Groups	☐ Cereals ☐ Fruits and vegetables ☐ Nuts and berries ☐ Forage ☐ Dairy products ☐ Meat products ☐ Oil Seeds ☐ Roots and Tubers ☐ Eggs ☐ Pulses ☐ Fiber Crops ☐ Forestry ☐ Sugars ☐ Stimulants ☐ Spices ☑ Other: All commodity groups with electrical power demand
Region & Country of Development	N/A ☐ Africa ☐ South Asia ☐ East Asia & The Pacific ☐ Europe & Central Asia ☐ Latin America & The Caribbean ☐ Middle East & North Africa ☐ North America ☑ N/A: Region of development cannot be named
Region & Country of Current Deployment	N/A ☐ Africa ☐ South Asia ☐ East Asia & The Pacific ☐ Europe & Central Asia ☐ Latin America & The Caribbean ☐ Middle East & North Africa ☐ North America ☑ N/A: Region of current deployment cannot be named
Region & Country of Potential Deployment	Worldwide ☑ Africa ☑ South Asia ☑ East Asia & The Pacific ☑ Europe & Central Asia ☑ Latin America & The Caribbean ☑ Middle East & North Africa ☑ North America ☐ N/A: /
Manufacturers	NGK Insulator, LDT. (http://www.ngk.co.jp/english/products/power/nas/index.html)
Economics	Has to be evaluated;
Technology Development Level	Prototype testing and local availability;
Required Maintenance Technical Level	High: Technology can only be maintained through its life cycle with uncommon tools and requires trained professionals for maintenance;
Required Infrastructure for Deployment	High: Technology development requires either, high-development level supporting technologies or mid-development level supporting technologies and uncommon tools and professional personnel;
Required Resources during manufacture	Chemicals, metals, energy;
Required Resources during operation
Deployment Level	Prototype testing and local availability;
Deployment Capability and Potential	Development technology, resources, or technical support limits deployment of the technology;
Requirements for Deployment	Establishing industrial production and distribution structures for the technology;
Relevance for Autonomy and Food Security	Energy independent: operates with onsite renewables, requires supporting tech and services;
Environment Impacts (emissions)	Has to be evaluated;
Conformity with Bio- Cybernetic System Rules
Additional information / Comments	No comments.
Internal Reference
Additional Links	http://energystorage.org/energy-storage/technologies/sodium-sulfur-nas-batteries http://energyenvironment.pnnl.gov/ei/pdf/Chemical%20Reviews.pdf http://www.neesc.org/

"Renewable Energy, Alternative Methodology" is not in the list (Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy, Alternative Methodology) of allowed values for the "PAT Type" property.