Refrigerators (PA Technology)

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Last modified by Axel Heinemann on 2014-12-28. This is a wiki so please feel free to update information by clicking on "Edit with form". | Printable version

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Name of technology example:		Type
Refrigerators		☑ Energy Efficiency ☐ Renewable Energy ☐ Alternative Methodology

Description	A refrigerator (colloquially fridge) is a common household appliance that consists of a thermally insulated compartment and a heat pump (mechanical, electronic, or chemical) that transfers heat from the inside of the fridge to its external environment so that the inside of the fridge is cooled to a temperature below the ambient temperature of the room. Refrigeration is an essential food storage technique in developed countries. Lower temperatures in a confined volume lowers the reproduction rate of bacteria, so the refrigerator reduces the rate of spoilage. Electrical refrigerators are available for low voltage power supply (12 or 24 VDC), designed for the decentralized application with photovoltaics.
Technology for the Application of	☑ Solar ☐ Biomass ☐ Biofuel ☐ Biogas ☑ Wind ☐ Geo-Thermal ☐ Hydro ☐ Energy Efficiency ☐ Other: /
Primarily Relevant for the following Agricultural Value Chain Steps	☐ Mechanization ☐ Efficiency of Operation ☑ Processing ☐ Transportation ☐ Controlled Atmosphere ☐ Controlled Temperature ☐ Mechanical Sorting ☐ Preservation ☐ Other: /
Primarily Relevant for the following Agricultural Value Chain Activities	☐ Grinding ☐ Hauling and conveying ☐ Sorting ☐ Seedbed Preparation ☐ Milling ☐ Tearing ☐ Planting ☐ Washing ☐ Mixing ☐ Pumping ☐ Heating ☐ Drying ☐ Irrigation ☑ Cooling ☐ Animal feeding ☐ Fertilizing ☐ Venting ☐ Animal health and Welfare ☐ Pest Management ☐ Lighting ☐ Packing and branding ☐ Cutting ☐ Sanitation ☐ Other: /
Primarily Implemented in the following Commodity Groups	☐ Cereals ☐ Fruits and vegetables ☐ Nuts and berries ☐ Forage ☐ Dairy products ☐ Meat products ☐ Oil Seeds ☐ Roots and Tubers ☐ Eggs ☐ Pulses ☐ Fiber Crops ☐ Forestry ☐ Sugars ☐ Stimulants ☐ Spices ☑ Other: All commodity groups with refrigeration requirements
Region & Country of Development	Worldwide ☑ Africa ☑ South Asia ☑ East Asia & The Pacific ☑ Europe & Central Asia ☑ Latin America & The Caribbean ☑ Middle East & North Africa ☑ North America ☐ N/A: /
Region & Country of Current Deployment	Worldwide ☑ Africa ☑ South Asia ☑ East Asia & The Pacific ☑ Europe & Central Asia ☑ Latin America & The Caribbean ☑ Middle East & North Africa ☑ North America ☐ N/A: /
Region & Country of Potential Deployment	Worldwide ☑ Africa ☑ South Asia ☑ East Asia & The Pacific ☑ Europe & Central Asia ☑ Latin America & The Caribbean ☑ Middle East & North Africa ☑ North America ☐ N/A: /
Manufacturers	Sundanzer, Dometic, Novakool, Crystal Cold, Sunfrost
Economics	Prices are relatively high;
Technology Development Level	Worldwide use; Decentralized applications in boats, caravans and off-grid;
Required Maintenance Technical Level	Medium: Technology to be maintained through its life cycle requires less common tools and/or training is required for maintenance; Repairing of the refrigerant cycle requires special tools and trained people;
Required Infrastructure for Deployment	Further development of sales and distribution as well as technical support structures;
Required Resources during manufacture	Metals, plastics, chemicals, electronics;
Required Resources during operation	Refrigerant, electricity;
Deployment Level	Worldwide use;
Deployment Capability and Potential	The technology can be widely deployed limited only by education;
Requirements for Deployment	Education, local manufacturing, sales and distribution as well as technical support structures;
Relevance for Autonomy and Food Security	Energy independent: operates with onsite renewables, requires supporting tech and services
Environment Impacts (emissions)	Low: no direct emissions but indirect emissions; Risk of release of refrigerant;
Conformity with Bio- Cybernetic System Rules
Additional information / Comments	No comments.
Internal Reference
Additional Links	http://www.sundanzer.com/ http://www.sunfrost.com/refrigerators_main.html http://www.backwoodssolar.com/products/appliances-home-goods/refrigerators-freezers http://www.solartown.com/store/catalog/solar-fridges-and-freezers/

"Energy Efficiency," is not in the list (Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy, Alternative Methodology) of allowed values for the "PAT Type" property.