View source for Carbon Markets for Photovoltaic (PV) Systems

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= Overview =

[[Photovoltaic (PV)|Photovoltaic (PV)]], [[Solar Home Systems (SHS)|solar home systems (SHS)]] are an eligible technology for [[Carbon Markets for Energy Access Projects|carbon finance projects]]. However, their [[Solar Home System (SHS) - Climate Protection|greenhouse gas (GHG) savings]] (carbon credit) potential is small compared to overall PV system costs.

= Selected PV Solar Home System (SHS) Carbon Finance Projects =

*[https://namenesolar.com/press-release-solar-for-every-off-grid-home-in-namibia-with-namene-solar-carbon-credit-scheme/ Namene Solar has received Gold Standard certification for its SHS project in Zambia and Namibia].
*[http://cdm.unfccc.int/Projects/DB/TUEV-SUED1134746545.91/view Photovoltaic kits to light up rural households in Morocco]: Registered <span data-scaytid="8" data-scayt_word="SHS">SHS</span> <span data-scaytid="12" data-scayt_word="CDM">CDM</span> project. Dissemination of 101,500 <span data-scaytid="9" data-scayt_word="SHS">SHS</span>. Crediting period: 01 Jan 07 - 31 Dec 16.
*[http://cdm.unfccc.int/Projects/DB/DNV-CUK1226479189.57/view Rural Education for Development Society (REDS) CDM Photovoltaic Lighting Project]: Registered Pico-PV <span data-scaytid="14" data-scayt_word="CDM">CDM</span> project in India. Dissemination of 180,000 PV-lamps (<span data-scaytid="16" data-scayt_word="CFL">CFL</span> & LED). Crediting period: 10 Aug 09 - 09 Aug 19.
*[http://cdm.unfccc.int/ProgrammeOfActivities/Validation/DB/U99FBI1CTGOOD52D6YAYSQ19V8ODLM/view.html Installation of Solar Home Systems in Bangladesh]: First Solar Home System PoA. Under Validation.

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= Selected Pico PV and Solar Lantern Carbon Finance Projects (August 2010)  =

Pico PV (or micro PV systems), such as solar lanterns, are usually very small <span data-scaytid="18" data-scayt_word="SHS">SHS</span> with a module capacity of up to <span data-scaytid="21" data-scayt_word="10W">10W</span> and lamps or lanterns (often only one) with integrated batteries. Currently there are two <span data-scaytid="19" data-scayt_word="CDM">CDM</span> projects (both in India) registered under the <span data-scaytid="23" data-scayt_word="UNFCCC">UNFCCC</span> . Four more (Malawi, Zambia, Tanzania and India) are either already registered or pending under the Gold Standard.

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== Clean Development Mechanism (<span data-scaytid="24" data-scayt_word="CDM">CDM</span>)  ==

*[http://cdm.unfccc.int/Projects/DB/DNV-CUK1226479189.57/view Rural Education for Development Society (REDS) CDM Photovoltaic Lighting Project]: Registered Pico-PV <span data-scaytid="28" data-scayt_word="CDM">CDM</span> project in India. Dissemination of 300,000 PV-lamps (<span data-scaytid="29" data-scayt_word="CFL">CFL</span> & LED) for 60,000 sites (households and institutions). Crediting period: 10 Aug 09 - 09 Aug 19. <span data-scaytid="32" data-scayt_word="Approx">Approx</span>. 460,000 <span data-scaytid="33" data-scayt_word="CERs">CERs</span>.
*[http://cdm.unfccc.int/Projects/DB/TUEV-SUED1245158196.62/view D.light Rural Lighting Project]<u>:</u> Registered Pico-PV project in India. Dissemination of 1 Mio. PV-lamps (LED). Crediting period: 30 Oct 09 - 29 Oct 14. <span data-scaytid="34" data-scayt_word="Approx">Approx</span>. 450,000 <span data-scaytid="35" data-scayt_word="CERs">CERs</span>. Seen as preparation phase for a <span data-scaytid="39" data-scayt_word="pico-PV">pico-PV</span> <span data-scaytid="36" data-scayt_word="PoA">PoA</span> to come.
*[http://cdm.unfccc.int/UserManagement/FileStorage/CDM_AMS69Q7EIF28VVOI1B1AK7K422RZP672O Substituting fossil fuel based lighting with LED lighting systems]. Indicative simplified baseline and monitoring methodologies for selected small-scale <span data-scaytid="41" data-scayt_word="CDM">CDM</span> project activity categories. Nov.2010.

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== Voluntary Carbon Market (VCM) - Gold Standard  ==

*[[:File:Clean Development Mechanism for Pico PV Projects-04082010.pdf|SolarAid Microsolar Solar Lantern Project for Malawi]]: VERs already issued. Replacement of 39,000 kerosene lamps through solar lamps with 1.8 W module and other renewable energy devices. Crediting period: 26 May 10 - 25 May 19. Focus on capacity development and partly local production. Total of approx VERs planned. Monitoring of the first project year showed 1.635 units sold (and in use).
*[[:File:Clean Development Mechanism for Pico PV Projects-04082010.pdf|SolarAid Microsolar Solar Lantern Project for Zambia]]: Verification pending. Crediting perdiod: 10 years. Project design same as Malawi Project. Total of approx. 25,000 VERs planned.
*[[:File:Clean Development Mechanism for Pico PV Projects-04082010.pdf|D.light Rural Lighting Project Tanzania]]: 3.640,000 lamps of different models to be sold. Estimated total amount of VERs(depending on lamp types sold) <span data-scaytid="60" data-scayt_word="approx">approx</span>. 500,000 <span data-scaytid="59" data-scayt_word="VERs">VERs</span>. Crediting period: 10 years.
*D.Light Rural Lighting Project India - <span data-scaytid="65" data-scayt_word="PRE-CDM-VERs">PRE-CDM-VERs</span> (of <span data-scaytid="67" data-scayt_word="GS">GS</span> 600): <span data-scaytid="66" data-scayt_word="PRE-CDM-VERs">PRE-CDM-VERs</span> of above mentioned <span data-scaytid="61" data-scayt_word="CDM">CDM</span> project.

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== Studies and Research Papers ==
*[http://www.lightingafrica.org/component/k2/item/49-presentations.html Approaches to Integrate Carbon Finance into Energy Efficient Lighting Initiatives] - Lighting Africa Presentation on Carbon Finance issues in off-grid lighting projects
*[http://en.microsol-int.com/microsol/our-work Analysis of the potential to foster electricity and lighting access in the Andean region, thanks to carbon mechanism] - Microsol and Rexel Foundation, study led from June 2013 to May 2014.

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= Further Information =

*[[:File:Clean Development Mechanism for Pico PV Projects-04082010.pdf|Further details on current (Aug. 2010) emissions reductions projects with pico PV Systems]]
*[[Portal:Solar|Solar Portal on energypedia]]
*[[Photovoltaic (PV)|Photovoltaic (PV)]]
*[[Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)|Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)]]

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= References =

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[[Category:Financing_and_Funding]]
[[Category:Financing_Solar]]
[[Category:Solar]]
[[Category:Off-grid]]
[[Category:Lighting]]
[[Category:Voluntary_Carbon_Market_(VCM)]]
[[Category:Clean_Development_Mechanism_(CDM)]]
[[Category:Solar_Lighting]]
[[Category:Carbon_Market]]