The Potential of Climate-Smart Agriculture - Revision history

Lilia Maximova: /* The Role of Gender in the Energy and Agriculture Nexus */

2021-01-04T13:11:40Z

The Role of Gender in the Energy and Agriculture Nexus

Ranisha at 11:59, 13 August 2020

2020-08-13T11:59:40Z

Ranisha at 19:58, 21 July 2020

2020-07-21T19:58:29Z

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Ranisha: /* Costs and Benefits of Clean Energy Technologies in the Milk, Vegetable and Rice Value Chains */

2020-07-21T19:56:43Z

Costs and Benefits of Clean Energy Technologies in the Milk, Vegetable and Rice Value Chains

Ranisha: /* Opportunities for Agri-Food Chains to become Energy-Smart */

2020-07-21T19:55:10Z

Opportunities for Agri-Food Chains to become Energy-Smart

Ranisha: /* Energy Needs in Smallholder Agriculture */

2020-07-21T19:54:40Z

Energy Needs in Smallholder Agriculture

Ranisha: /* Technologies */

2020-07-21T19:53:46Z

Technologies

Ranisha at 09:15, 15 July 2020

2020-07-15T09:15:53Z

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Ranisha at 07:36, 15 July 2020

2020-07-15T07:36:35Z

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Ranisha: /* Handbook on Climate Information for Farming Communities - What Farms Need and What is Available */

2020-07-13T10:28:32Z

Handbook on Climate Information for Farming Communities - What Farms Need and What is Available

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 <span class="link3">[[File:SPIS for smallscale farmers.jpg|thumb|center|600px|Solar-powered irrigation systems are cost-efficient and effective alternatives for small-scale farmers (GIZ/Böthling).|alt=SPIS for smallscale farmers.jpg]]</span>
 == <span class="link3"><span style="color:#00A3AD">The Role of Gender in the Energy and Agriculture Nexus</span></span><br/> ==
-<span class="link3">As agriculture employs up to 70 percent of the labour force in countries of the Global South, and specifically women make up the majority, the sector not only plays a large role for economic development, but also bares a great potential to solve gender inequality by increasing energy efficiency and productivity in the sector. Thus, access to improved energy services in agriculture can alter women’s social, economic and political status – reducing time and effort involved in household activities, providing better health and educational conditions, enhancing income-generating opportunities and facilitating their participation in public affairs. The role of gender within the agriculture and energy nexus is complex and concerns all processing stages within agricultural value chains, reaching from land distribution to access to credits and access to agricultural inputs such as seeds and fertilizers. Enhancing women’s access to vital agricultural inputs such as irrigation technologies can substantially boost their agricultural productivity and incomes. '''<span class="link3">[[The Role of Gender in the Energy and Agriculture Nexus|Read more…]]</span>''' </span>
+<span class="link3"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Agriculture employs over 40 percent of the labour force in many countries in Asia and the Pacific as well as over 60 percent of workforce in most of sub-Saharan Africa.</span><sup id="cite_ref-International_Labour_Organization.2C_ILOSTAT._.282020a.29._Employment_in_agriculture_.28.25_of_total_employment.29._Retrieved_from_https:.2F.2Fdata.worldbank.org.2Findicator.2FSL.AGR.EMPL.ZS._0-0" class="reference" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">[[Gender_Aspects_in_Agriculture|[1]]]</sup><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">&nbsp;</span><span lang="en-us" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">In some countries in Asia over 60 percent of women are employed in agriculture and over 70 per cent in some sub-Saharan African countries.<sup id="cite_ref-International_Labour_Organization.2C_ILOSTAT._.282020b.29._Employment_in_agriculture.2C_female_.28.25_of_female_employment.29._Retrieved_from_https:.2F.2Fdata.worldbank.org.2Findicator.2FSL.AGR.EMPL.FE.ZS.3Fview.3Dmap._1-0" class="reference">[[Gender_Aspects_in_Agriculture|[2]]]</sup>&nbsp;</span><span lang="en-us" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span lang="en-us">The role of gender within the agriculture and energy nexus is complex and context specific. However, in many developing countries women face similar challenges such as limited access to land, capital and, therefore, to agricultural inputs, i.e. seeds, fertilizers or technology. Enhancing women’s access to vital agricultural inputs such as irrigation technology can substantially boost their agricultural productivity and incomes. Improved access to energy services and technology for women is necessary to translate the benefits of access to electricity into wellbeing outcomes.<sup id="cite_ref-ENERGIA._.282020a.29._The_role_of_appliances_in_achieving_gender_equality_and_energy_access_for_all._The_ENERGIA_Gender_and_Energy_Research_Programme._Policy_Brief_.234._Retrieved_from_https:.2F.2Fwww.energia.org.2Fcm2.2Fwp-content.2Fuploads.2F2020.2F05.2FPolicyBrief4_The-role-of-appliances-gender-equality-energy-access-for-all_FINAL.pdf._2-0" class="reference">[[Gender_Aspects_in_Agriculture|[3]]]</sup>&nbsp;Access to such energy services as refrigeration, water pumping and irrigation is crucial for generating benefits of productive uses of electricity for women. Solar pumps and irrigation and clean cooking fuels and technology can reduce drudgery and time involved in household and agricultural activities, and, thus, enhance access to income-generating opportunities and improve decision-making power of women.&nbsp;</span></span>'''<span class="link3">[[The Role of Gender in the Energy and Agriculture Nexus|Read more…]]</span>'''</span>
 == <span class="link3"><span style="color:#00A3AD">Approaches towards Climate Smart Agriculture</span></span><br/> ==

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 [[Category:Climate_Change_Mitigation]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:56, 21 July 2020
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	== <span style="color:#00A3AD">Costs and Benefits of Clean Energy Technologies in the Milk, Vegetable and Rice Value Chains</span><br/> ==		== <span style="color:#00A3AD">Costs and Benefits of Clean Energy Technologies in the Milk, Vegetable and Rice Value Chains</span><br/> ==

−	Building upon the report ''Opportunities for Agri-Food Chains to become Energy-Smart'', a second part presents the economics related to the energetic transition aimed in sustainable agri-food systems. The subsequent study, presented in this report, focused on the same three value chains as the first report and concentrated on similar key clean energy technologies. The costs, benefits, sustainability potentials and unintended impacts are analysed here at the intervention level (e.g. at farmer or food processor level). A methodological approach was developed to provide a sound and comprehensive cost-benefit analysis (CBA). It highlights hidden environmental and socio-economic costs of interventions, such as government-subsidized fossil fuel. The potentially added value of these technologies for different stakeholders was then considered using selected case studies for the same agricultural value chains. '''<span class="link3">[[Costs and Benefits of Clean Energy Technologies in the Milk, Vegetable and Rice Value Chains (INVESTA Project)\|Read more…]]</span>'''	+	<span class="link3">Building upon the report '''[[:File:Opportunities for Agri-Food Chains to become Energy-Smart.pdf\|Opportunities for Agri-Food Chains to become Energy-Smart]]''', a second part presents the economics related to the energetic transition aimed in sustainable agri-food systems. The subsequent study, presented in this report, focused on the same three value chains as the first report and concentrated on similar key clean energy technologies. The costs, benefits, sustainability potentials and unintended impacts are analysed here at the intervention level (e.g. at farmer or food processor level). A methodological approach was developed to provide a sound and comprehensive cost-benefit analysis (CBA). It highlights hidden environmental and socio-economic costs of interventions, such as government-subsidized fossil fuel. The potentially added value of these technologies for different stakeholders was then considered using selected case studies for the same agricultural value chains. '''<span class="link3">[[Costs and Benefits of Clean Energy Technologies in the Milk, Vegetable and Rice Value Chains (INVESTA Project)\|Read more…]]</span>'''

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 == <span style="color:#00A3AD">Opportunities for Agri-Food Chains to become Energy-Smart</span><br/> ==
-Due to higher food demand and the recent shifts to higher protein diets, agri-food systems need to adapt their energy inputs in order to stay sustainable and profitable. The here presented report demonstrates along different value chains (milk, rice and vegetables) and regional case studies the possibilities for reducing the use of fossil fuels in agriculture and increasing efficiency in different steps of the value chain. It identifies the main problems faced by the transition to climate friendly technologies and enumerates different approaches to enhance their adoption. It includes a [https://energypedia.info/images/4/4d/Opportunities_for_Agri-Food_Chains_to_become_Energy-Smart.pdf#page=181 selection of tools] to assess suitability and profitability of energy interventions along the agri-food-chain including value chain analysis, techno-economic assessment, bioenergy assessment, on-farm assessment. It also addresses the most important knowledge gaps and the possible approaches to overcome them. '''<span class="link3">[[Opportunities for Agri-Food Chains to become Energy-Smart|Read more…]]</span>'''<br/>
+<span class="link3">Due to higher food demand and the recent shifts to higher protein diets, agri-food systems need to adapt their energy inputs in order to stay sustainable and profitable. The here presented report demonstrates along different value chains (milk, rice and vegetables) and regional case studies the possibilities for reducing the use of fossil fuels in agriculture and increasing efficiency in different steps of the value chain. It identifies the main problems faced by the transition to climate friendly technologies and enumerates different approaches to enhance their adoption. It includes a [https://energypedia.info/images/4/4d/Opportunities_for_Agri-Food_Chains_to_become_Energy-Smart.pdf#page=181 selection of tools] to assess suitability and profitability of energy interventions along the agri-food-chain including value chain analysis, techno-economic assessment, bioenergy assessment, on-farm assessment. It also addresses the most important knowledge gaps and the possible approaches to overcome them. '''<span class="link3">[[Opportunities for Agri-Food Chains to become Energy-Smart|Read more…]]</span>'''<br/>
 == <span style="color:#00A3AD">Costs and Benefits of Clean Energy Technologies in the Milk, Vegetable and Rice Value Chains</span><br/> ==

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 Aligning priorities with local settings is crucial: Interventions should be people-centred and tailored to local contexts, taking a holistic view on smallholders' energy needs. Smallholder farmers in the Global South could reap the benefits of the positive effects of modern energy services in agriculture. The implementation can take place by promoting different initiatives, including large-scale electrification programmes and off-grid energy systems, and participation approaches that involve the local population, depending on the energy needs in each case. '''<span class="link3">[[Energy Needs in Smallholder Agriculture|Read more…]]</span>'''<br/>
-In order to identify further&nbsp;[[:File:Opportunities for Agri-Food Chains to become Energy-Smart.pdf|opportunities]]&nbsp;for reducing agriculture’s impact on climate and environment, data on agriculture’s emissions can support countries addressing their food security, resilience and rural development goals. Examples of mitigation approaches include increasing soil carbon, realising closed nutrient cycles, changing consumption and waste patterns, improving scientific knowledge in nitrous oxide dynamics, and developing methods for optimal assessment of farming systems. '''<span class="link3">[[Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Agriculture|Read more…]]</span><br/>
+<span class="link3">In order to identify further [[:File:Opportunities for Agri-Food Chains to become Energy-Smart.pdf|opportunities]]&nbsp;for reducing agriculture’s impact on climate and environment, data on agriculture’s emissions can support countries addressing their food security, resilience and rural development goals. Examples of mitigation approaches include increasing soil carbon, realising closed nutrient cycles, changing consumption and waste patterns, improving scientific knowledge in nitrous oxide dynamics, and developing methods for optimal assessment of farming systems. '''<span class="link3">[[Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Agriculture|Read more…]]</span><br/>
 '''''Climate smart agriculture (CSA)''''' is an integrative approach to address the interlinked challenges of food security and climate change. Its main objectives are the sustainable increase of agricultural productivity, the adaptation and enhanced resilience of agricultural and food security systems to climate change, and the reduction of GHG emissions from agriculture. Further links to reports, video documentation and stories showcasing CSA can be found here. '''<span class="link3">[[Climate Smart Agriculture|Read more…]]</span>'''<br/>
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 == <span style="color:#00A3AD">The Role of Gender in the Energy and Agriculture Nexus</span><br/> ==

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 = <span style="color:#00A3AD">Technologies</span><br/> =
-It is crucial for climate smart agriculture and food production to identify which kind of technological innovation is best employed in which step of the value chain in order to reach increased [[Energy Efficiency in Agrifood Systems|energy efficiency]]. Especially rural regions in developing countries can benefit from the introduction of clean energy solutions, as electrification is rare, and therefore promises the highest upgrade possibilities. Mapping energy inputs along the value chain and increasing efficiency within every step is fundamental when providing the agri-food sector with sustainable energy.<br/>
+<span class="link3">It is crucial for climate smart agriculture and food production to identify which kind of technological innovation is best employed in which step of the value chain in order to reach increased [[Energy Efficiency in Agrifood Systems|energy efficiency]]. Especially rural regions in developing countries can benefit from the introduction of clean energy solutions, as electrification is rare, and therefore promises the highest upgrade possibilities. Mapping energy inputs along the value chain and increasing efficiency within every step is fundamental when providing the agri-food sector with sustainable energy.<br/>
 == <span style="color:#00A3AD">Renewable Energy Resources and Energy Efficiency in Agriculture</span><br/> ==

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 Considering that food production and processing is one important source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, addressing the different sources is essential to determine the mitigation potential in all stages of agricultural value chains. 4.4 tons of GHG emissions are emitted on average per household, corresponding to 16 percent of GHG emissions from total private consumption. Only food production constitutes 45 percent of this total, the rest due to energy consumption for storage and food preparation as well as partial space heating (kitchen) and shopping trips. Providing a quantitative analysis of the greenhouse gas emissions of selected food, this article compares the supply of these products from conventional and organic farming. The method of material flow analysis applied here starts with food consumption and tracks all associated uses of energy materials and transport through different stages. [[Greenhouse-Gas Emissions from the Production and Processing of Food|Read more…]]<br/>
 == Handbook on Climate Information for Farming Communities - What Farms Need and What is Available ==
 Published by FAO, this guide provides information on the most relevant and important weather and agroclimatic information that are made available by the National Meteorological Service and also identifies the climate information need of the farmers. This handbook then highlights the local knowledge of the rural farmers, which are often neglected but is a key factor for coping with climate change. [[Publication - Handbook on Climate Information for Farming Communities - What farms need and what is available|Read more...]]<br/>