Testing of Woodfuel Stoves - Revision history

Lisafeldmann at 13:20, 4 September 2018

2018-09-04T13:20:55Z

Tom Schulze at 13:07, 30 April 2018

2018-04-30T13:07:01Z

Tom Schulze: Text replace - "link=GIZ HERA Cooking Energy Compendium

[[GIZ HERA Cooking Energy Compendium#Cook

2018-04-30T12:18:25Z

Text replace - "left|831px|GIZ HERA Cooking Energy Compendium|alt=GIZ HERA Cooking Energy Compendium small.png|link=GIZ HERA Cooking Energy Compendium<br/><br/>[[GIZ HERA Cooking Energy Compendium#Cook

Luis Azuaje at 10:15, 27 July 2017

2017-07-27T10:15:59Z

Lisafeldmann at 08:32, 13 August 2015

2015-08-13T08:32:17Z

Julia Ploetz: /* Stove Testing */

2014-01-27T16:03:38Z

Stove Testing

Stefan Salow at 14:05, 22 January 2014

2014-01-22T14:05:19Z

Julia Ploetz: /* References */

2014-01-09T17:09:51Z

References

Julia Ploetz: /* Emission Control Tests */

2014-01-09T17:08:41Z

Emission Control Tests

Julia Ploetz: /* Kitchen Performance Test (KPT) */

2014-01-09T17:01:28Z

Kitchen Performance Test (KPT)

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← Older revision		Revision as of 12:18, 30 April 2018
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 [[GIZ HERA Cooking Energy Compendium|--> Back to Overview GIZ HERA Cooking Energy Compendium]]
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 <br/>
 = Stove Testing<br/> =
-Over the last thirty years there have been many attempts to develop improved stoves. Such stoves have been accepted by communities only if they make cooking easier, cleaner, and more convenient. At the same time, stove producers have a duty to ensure that the stoves they supply do not only save fuel but also reduce harmful emissions. Any emission should be removed from the kitchen, either with a chimney and/or good ventilation in the kitchen. Many stoves have fulfilled these requirements, but some of them have failed. <span lang="en" style="font-family: &quot;arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: en; mso-fareast-language: en-us; mso-bidi-language: ar-sa;">As stoves differ greatly in technical performance, stove testing is necessary to identify clean stoves and to compare different stove models.</span>Thus, current developments focus on quality and performance control, for which [[Standards for Improved Cookstoves|standards for improved cookstoves]] have been developed. Stove testing is a way of evaluating whether these standards are being met .
+Over the last thirty years there have been many attempts to develop improved stoves. Such stoves have been accepted by communities only if they make cooking easier, cleaner, and more convenient. At the same time, stove producers have a duty to ensure that the stoves they supply do not only save fuel but also reduce harmful emissions. Any emission should be removed from the kitchen, either with a chimney and/or good ventilation in the kitchen. Many stoves have fulfilled these requirements, but some of them have failed. <span lang="en">As stoves differ greatly in technical performance, stove testing is necessary to identify clean stoves and to compare different stove models.</span>Thus, current developments focus on quality and performance control, for which [[Standards for Improved Cookstoves|standards for improved cookstoves]] have been developed. Stove testing is a way of evaluating whether these standards are being met .
 The technical performance of stoves is tested according to internationally agreed test procedures related to energy efficiency, emission control, and safe use. Tests known as Stove Performance Tests focus on minimizing fuel consumption and the recently developed Emission Control Tests focus on minimizing harmful emissions. Emissions and fuel use have to be tested at the same time to avoid running a test to achieve good fuel economy at the expense of the emissions. And vice versa. For practical reasons, emissions are mostly measured in laboratory tests like the water boiling test described below.
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 <br/>[[File:Wbt version 3.0 jan2007.pdf|left|180px|Wbt version 3.0 jan2007.pdf|alt=Wbt version 3.0 jan2007.pdf]]
-| style="width: 526px;" | [http://www.aprovecho.org/lab/pubs/testing Water Boiling Test (WBT) data calculation sheet v. 4.2.2]
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 Emissions can be measured either from the plume of smoke rising from the stove or at a designated point in the room that reflects the approximate position of the cook. There are a number of relatively cheap, reliable and easy to handle instruments for measuring the CO concentration from stove emissions. By contrast, measurement of the small respirable particles, also called particulate matter (PM), has been quite difficult until very recently. PM are aerosols comprising of solids (dust, soot) and liquid droplets of tars and other combustion products (excluding water vapour). They occur in a wide range of sizes (between 0,005µm and100 µm in diameter) and with very diverse chemical compositions. The small respirable particles have more adverse effects on health as they can penetrate the lungs more deeply. Hence modern analysis methods focus only on the ‘fine’ particles with diameters below 2.5 µm, called ‘PM2.5’ or below 1µm, called PM1.0.<br/><u>There are two main methods for quantifying PM exposure:</u>
 *Gravimetric method - by sucking air through a filter and weighing the deposited particles on a high-precision scale. This method is labour-intensive, slow and prone to uncertainties from filter handling, transport, conditioning and weighing. However, it has been used for a long time within industrial settings and has shown to be robust if properly applied.
 *Continuous monitoring of the PM concentration by using indirect techniques. A common method, used in fire detectors, measures the reflection of light by the aerosols. Based on this principle the Center for Entrepreneurship in International Health and Development (CEIHD), University of Berkley developed a standard [http://www.projectgaia.com/files/AddisAbabaIAPMonitoringReport07.pdf Indoor Air pollution Protocol.] This method monitors for very fine particles (PM1.0) and fine particles (PM2.5).
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 <br/>
 = References =
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 <references />
-Further Information on the current state of internationally agreed standards: [[Standards_for_Improved_Cookstoves|Standards for Improved Cookstoves]]
+Further Information on the current state of internationally agreed standards: [[Standards for Improved Cookstoves|Standards for Improved Cookstoves]]
 [[#Stove_Testing|Top of the page]]
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 [[GIZ HERA Cooking Energy Compendium|--> Back to Overview GIZ HERA Cooking Energy Compendium]]
 [[Category:Cooking_Energy_Compendium_(GIZ_HERA)]]

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 = Stove Testing<br/> =
-Over the last thirty years there have been many attempts to develop improved stoves. Such stoves have been accepted by communities only if they make cooking easier, cleaner, and more convenient. At the same time, stove producers have a duty to ensure that the stoves they supply do not only save fuel but also reduce harmful emissions. Any emission should be removed from the kitchen, either with a chimney and/or good ventilation in the kitchen. Many stoves have fulfilled these requirements, but some of them have failed. Thus, current developments focus on quality and performance control. Stove testing is one such way of doing this.
+Over the last thirty years there have been many attempts to develop improved stoves. Such stoves have been accepted by communities only if they make cooking easier, cleaner, and more convenient. At the same time, stove producers have a duty to ensure that the stoves they supply do not only save fuel but also reduce harmful emissions. Any emission should be removed from the kitchen, either with a chimney and/or good ventilation in the kitchen. Many stoves have fulfilled these requirements, but some of them have failed. Thus, current developments focus on quality and performance control, for which [[Standards_for_Improved_Cookstoves|standards for improved cookstoves]] have been developed. Stove testing is a way of evaluating whether these standards are being met .
 The technical performance of stoves is tested according to internationally agreed test procedures related to energy efficiency, emission control, and safe use. Tests known as Stove Performance Tests focus on minimizing fuel consumption and the recently developed Emission Control Tests focus on minimizing harmful emissions. Emissions and fuel use have to be tested at the same time to avoid running a test to achieve good fuel economy at the expense of the emissions. And vice versa. For practical reasons, emissions are mostly measured in laboratory tests like the water boiling test described below.
 <br/>
 == Water Boiling Test (WBT) <br/> ==
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+<br/>[[File:Wbt version 3.0 jan2007.pdf|left|180px|Wbt version 3.0 jan2007.pdf|alt=Wbt version 3.0 jan2007.pdf]]
 | style="width: 526px;" | [http://www.aprovecho.org/lab/pubs/testing Water Boiling Test (WBT) data calculation sheet v. 4.2.2]
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 == Controlled Cooking Test (CCT) ==
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 == Kitchen Performance Test (KPT)<br/> ==
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 <br/>
+<br/>
 == Emission Control Tests<br/> ==
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 [[File:GTZ HERA - IAP reduction and measuring options-2009.pdf|180px|RTENOTITLE]]Short Overview on IAP reduction and measuring options (2009), Author: Christa Roth.
 = References =
 This article was originally published by [http://www.giz.de/fachexpertise/html/2769.html GIZ HERA]. It is basically based on experiences, lessons learned and information gathered by GIZ cook stove projects. You can find more information about the authors and experts of the original “Cooking Energy Compendium” in the [[Imprint - GIZ HERA Cooking Energy Compendium|Imprint]].
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 <references />
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+Further Information on the current state of internationally agreed standards: [[Standards_for_Improved_Cookstoves|Standards for Improved Cookstoves]]
 [[#Stove_Testing|Top of the page]]
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 [[GIZ HERA Cooking Energy Compendium|--> Back to Overview GIZ HERA Cooking Energy Compendium]]
-<br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/><br/>
+[[Category:Cooking_Energy_Compendium_(GIZ_HERA)]]
+[[Category:Questionnaires_/_Interviews]]
 [[Category:Cooking_Energy]]

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 Emissions can be measured either from the plume of smoke rising from the stove or at a designated point in the room that reflects the approximate position of the cook. There are a number of relatively cheap, reliable and easy to handle instruments for measuring the CO concentration from stove emissions. By contrast, measurement of the small respirable particles, also called particulate matter (PM), has been quite difficult until very recently. PM are aerosols comprising of solids (dust, soot) and liquid droplets of tars and other combustion products (excluding water vapour). They occur in a wide range of sizes (between 0,005µm and100 µm in diameter) and with very diverse chemical compositions. The small respirable particles have more adverse effects on health as they can penetrate the lungs more deeply. Hence modern analysis methods focus only on the ‘fine’ particles with diameters below 2.5 µm, called ‘PM2.5’ or below 1µm, called PM1.0.<br/><u>There are two main methods for quantifying PM exposure:</u>
 *Gravimetric method - by sucking air through a filter and weighing the deposited particles on a high-precision scale. This method is labour-intensive, slow and prone to uncertainties from filter handling, transport, conditioning and weighing. However, it has been used for a long time within industrial settings and has shown to be robust if properly applied.
-*Continuous monitoring of the PM concentration by using indirect techniques. A common method, used in fire detectors, measures the reflection of light by the aerosols. Based on this principle the Center for Entrepreneurship in International Health and Development (CEIHD), University of Berkley developed a standard [http://www.ceihd.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&sectionid=6&id=53&ItemId=1 Indoor Air pollution Protocol.] This method monitors for very fine particles (PM1.0) and fine particles (PM2.5).
+*Continuous monitoring of the PM concentration by using indirect techniques. A common method, used in fire detectors, measures the reflection of light by the aerosols. Based on this principle the Center for Entrepreneurship in International Health and Development (CEIHD), University of Berkley developed a standard [http://www.projectgaia.com/files/AddisAbabaIAPMonitoringReport07.pdf Indoor Air pollution Protocol.] This method monitors for very fine particles (PM1.0) and fine particles (PM2.5).
 <br/>
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 [[File:GTZ HERA - IAP reduction and measuring options-2009.pdf|180px|RTENOTITLE]]Short Overview on IAP reduction and measuring options (2009), Author: Christa Roth.
 = References<br/> =

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 <u>Other references relating to the Water Boiling Test:</u>
---> [http://www.hedon.info/goto.php/WaterBoilingTest http://www.pciaonline.org/testing]
+--> [http://www.pciaonline.org/testing http://www.pciaonline.org/testing]
 --> [http://www.hedon.info/MeasuringEfficiency http://www.hedon.info/MeasuringEfficiency]