Mozambique- Country Information - Revision history

Fernanda Wynter: /* Overview */

2023-06-19T16:16:16Z

Overview

Fernanda Wynter: /* Economic Activities */

2023-06-19T16:06:30Z

Economic Activities

Fernanda Wynter at 08:58, 23 January 2023

2023-01-23T08:58:33Z

Ranisha at 15:32, 21 February 2022

2022-02-21T15:32:59Z

Ranisha at 15:31, 21 February 2022

2022-02-21T15:31:50Z

Ranisha at 15:31, 21 February 2022

2022-02-21T15:31:28Z

Ranisha at 15:28, 21 February 2022

2022-02-21T15:28:32Z

Fernanda Wynter at 13:30, 16 February 2022

2022-02-16T13:30:05Z

Ranisha: /* Further Information */

2021-09-30T10:15:35Z

Further Information

Fernanda Wynter: /* Further Information */

2021-09-30T08:04:42Z

Further Information

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 ==Overview==
 [[File:Map of Mozambique.png|alt=|thumb|Map 1: Mozambique in Southeast Africa (maps.google.com)]]
-The Republic of Mozambique is located on the south-eastern coast of Africa and has a surface area of 801,590 square kilometres. It is bordered by South Africa, Swaziland, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Malawi, Tanzania, and separated by the Indian Ocean from Madagascar. The country is divided into ten provinces, and a provincial capital city (see Map: Provinces in Mozambique). It is one of the poorest countries in the world, and the 7th poorest in Africa<ref>‘Mozambique: Energy and the Poor’, K. Naidoo, C. Loots, 2020, https://sun-connect-news.org/fileadmin/DATEIEN/Dateien/New/2021-01-29_UNDP-UNCDF-Mozambique-Energy-and-the-Poor.pdf.</ref> with a GDP per capita of USD 1281 (2019), a total GDP of USD 14.96 billion (2019), and an annual GDP growth of 3.11% (2018)<ref>CIA, ‘Mozambique - The World Factbook’, accessed 23 February 2021, https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mozambique/#people-and-society.</ref>.
+The Republic of Mozambique is located on the south-eastern coast of Africa and has a surface area of 801,590 square kilometres. It is bordered by South Africa, Swaziland, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Malawi, Tanzania, and separated by the Indian Ocean from Madagascar. The country is divided into ten provinces, and a provincial capital city (see Map: Provinces in Mozambique). It is one of the poorest countries in the world, and the 7th poorest in Africa<ref>‘Mozambique: Energy and the Poor’, K. Naidoo, C. Loots, 2020, https://sun-connect-news.org/fileadmin/DATEIEN/Dateien/New/2021-01-29_UNDP-UNCDF-Mozambique-Energy-and-the-Poor.pdf.</ref> with a GDP per capita of USD 491.8 (2021)<ref name=":9">Data World Bank - Mozambique (2021)https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD?locations=MZ</ref>, a total GDP of USD 15.78 billion (2021)<ref name=":9" />, and an annual GDP growth of 2.4% (2021)<ref name=":9" />.
 The official language is Portuguese, spoken as a lingua franca by only 16.6% of the population, mainly in urban areas<ref name=":2">Britannica, ‘Mozambique | Culture, History, & People’, Encyclopedia Britannica, 2021, https://www.britannica.com/place/Mozambique.</ref>. Makuhwa, an indigenous Bantu language, is the most spoken throughout the country, particularly in the Northern region of the Zambezi River. It is spoken by 26.1% of the population. Other major spoken languages include Tsonga (8.6%), Nyanja (8.1%), Sena (7.1%), Lomwe (7.1%), Chuwabo (4.7%), Ndau (3.8%), and Tswa (3.8%) (2017)<ref>IndexMundi, ‘Mozambique Languages - Demographics’, 2020, https://www.indexmundi.com/mozambique/languages.html.</ref>.

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 == Demographics ==
-Mozambique has a population of 30.37 million (2019), of which 51.4% are women (2019)<ref>World Bank, ‘Population, Female (% of Total Population) - Mozambique’, 2019, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL.FE.ZS?locations=MZ.</ref>. The population is also young with 45% of the population between 0-14 years (2020)<ref name=":0">CIA, ‘Mozambique - The World Factbook’, 2021, https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mozambique/.</ref>. 62.4% of the total population live in rural areas and about one third of the total population is in coastal cities and towns in 2021<ref name=":0" />.  The city of Maputo, is the most urbanised Mozambican city and is located in the southern most region of the country. Other large cities with over 300000 inhabitants are Matola, an industrial city located in the suburban area of Maputo Province; Nampula, a university and business city in the North; and Beira which is the capital city of the Sofala Province<ref name=":1">Population of Cities in Mozambique (2021)’, https://worldpopulationreview.com/en/countries/cities/mozambique.</ref>. Mozambique’s Human Development Index (HDI), which measures a person’s expectancy of living a long and healthy life, access to knowledge, and a decent standard of living, ranks 181 out of 189 countries, with a value of 0.456 (1 being the highest) in 2020<ref name=":3">Bertelsmann Stiftung, ‘BTI 2020 Country Report - Mozambique’, 2020, https://www.bti-project.org/content/en/downloads/reports/country_report_2020_MOZ.pdf.</ref>. This value is based on health, education, and standard of living indicators, measured by Gross National Income (GNI) per capita<ref name=":4">United Nations Development Programme, ''Human Development Report 2020: The Next Frontier - Human Development and the Anthropocene'', Human Development Report (United Nations, 2020), https://doi.org/10.18356/9789210055161</ref><ref>Expressed in constant 2017 international dollars, http://hdr.undp.org/sites/all/themes/hdr_theme/country-notes/MOZ.pdf</ref>. A total of 72.5% of the population are considered multi-dimensionally poor<ref name=":4" />, from which 49% are in severe multidimensional poverty, and about 62.9% of the population live below the international poverty line of USD 1.90 per day. The estimations for multidimensional poverty are <ref name=":1" />based on data from 2011 due to a lack of most recent publicly available survey data<ref>S Alkire et al., ‘Changes over Time in the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index’, 2020, http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2020_mpi_statistical_data_table_1_and_2_en.pdf</ref>.
+Mozambique has a population of 32.08 million (2021), of which 51.4% are women (2019)<ref>World Bank, ‘Population, Female (% of Total Population) - Mozambique’, 2019, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL.FE.ZS?locations=MZ.</ref>. The population is also young with 45% of the population between 0-14 years (2020)<ref name=":0">CIA, ‘Mozambique - The World Factbook’, 2021, https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mozambique/.</ref>. 62.4% of the total population live in rural areas and about one third of the total population is in coastal cities and towns in 2021<ref name=":0" />.  The city of Maputo, is the most urbanised Mozambican city and is located in the southern most region of the country. Other large cities with over 300000 inhabitants are Matola, an industrial city located in the suburban area of Maputo Province; Nampula, a university and business city in the North; and Beira which is the capital city of the Sofala Province<ref name=":1">Population of Cities in Mozambique (2021)’, https://worldpopulationreview.com/en/countries/cities/mozambique.</ref>. Mozambique’s Human Development Index (HDI), which measures a person’s expectancy of living a long and healthy life, access to knowledge, and a decent standard of living, ranks 181 out of 189 countries, with a value of 0.456 (1 being the highest) in 2020<ref name=":3">Bertelsmann Stiftung, ‘BTI 2020 Country Report - Mozambique’, 2020, https://www.bti-project.org/content/en/downloads/reports/country_report_2020_MOZ.pdf.</ref>. This value is based on health, education, and standard of living indicators, measured by Gross National Income (GNI) per capita<ref name=":4">United Nations Development Programme, ''Human Development Report 2020: The Next Frontier - Human Development and the Anthropocene'', Human Development Report (United Nations, 2020), https://doi.org/10.18356/9789210055161</ref><ref>Expressed in constant 2017 international dollars, http://hdr.undp.org/sites/all/themes/hdr_theme/country-notes/MOZ.pdf</ref>. A total of 72.5% of the population are considered multi-dimensionally poor<ref name=":4" />, from which 49% are in severe multidimensional poverty, and about 62.9% of the population live below the international poverty line of USD 1.90 per day. The estimations for multidimensional poverty are <ref name=":1" />based on data from 2011 due to a lack of most recent publicly available survey data<ref>S Alkire et al., ‘Changes over Time in the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index’, 2020, http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2020_mpi_statistical_data_table_1_and_2_en.pdf</ref>.
 It is estimated that the number of people living below the poverty line could grow up to 69% at the end of 2021. By October 2020, unemployment has grown to a rate of 3.24%<ref name=":5">Statista, ‘Mozambique - Unemployment Rate 1999 to 2020’, Statista, 2021, https://www.statista.com/statistics/808796/unemployment-rate-in-mozambique</ref> and the public debt grew up to 124.5% of GDP<ref name=":5" /> and is expected to reach 126.4 in 2022<ref name=":6">Santander Trade Markets, ‘Mozambican Economic Outline’, 2021, https://santandertrade.com/en/portal/analyse-markets/mozambique/economic-outline</ref>.
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 == Economic Activities ==
-Mozambique’s main economic activity is agriculture, employing about 70% of the total active population and representing 26% of GDP (2019)<ref name=":7">World Bank, ‘Employment in Industry (% of Total Employment) (Modeled ILO Estimate) - Mozambique’, 2021, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.IND.EMPL.ZS?locations=MZ</ref>. There is a large variety of crops and agricultural products grown in Mozambique, which according to FAO, is the world’s 18th largest producer of cassava (2019)<ref name=":6" />. The most cultivated products include oilseeds, corn, beans, rice and sugar. 9% of the total active population work in the industrial sector<ref name=":7" />. Important mineral exports include aluminium, coal, iron ore, gold, bauxite, graphite, marble and tantalite<ref name=":6" />.
+Mozambique’s main economic activity is agriculture, employing about 70% of the total active population and representing 26% of GDP (2021)<ref name=":7">World Bank, ‘Employment in Industry (% of Total Employment) (Modeled ILO Estimate) - Mozambique’, 2021, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.IND.EMPL.ZS?locations=MZ</ref>. There is a large variety of crops and agricultural products grown in Mozambique, which according to FAO, is the world’s 18th largest producer of cassava (2019)<ref name=":6" />. The most cultivated products include oilseeds, corn, beans, rice and sugar. 9% of the total active population work in the industrial sector<ref name=":7" />. Important mineral exports include aluminium, coal, iron ore, gold, bauxite, graphite, marble and tantalite<ref name=":6" />.
-Mozambique’s employment rate per sector in 2019<ref name=":7" />
+Mozambique’s employment rate per sector in 2021<ref name=":7" />
 {| class="wikitable"
 |Sector

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 {{Back to Mozambique Portal}}
-{{back button|Moçambique: Informação sobre o País| Versão em portugues}}
+{{Portuguese Version|Moçambique: Informação sobre o País}}
 ==Overview==

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 {{Back to Mozambique Portal}}
-{{[[File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|10px|back button|Moçambique: Informação sobre o País| Versão em portugues]]}}
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 <div class="portal-mozambique"> <!-- Defines the color of headlines, link, etc. ) -->
 {{Back to Mozambique Portal}}
-{{[[File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|back button|Moçambique: Informação sobre o País| Versão em portugues]]}}
+{{[[File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|10px|back button|Moçambique: Informação sobre o País| Versão em portugues]]}}
 ==Overview==

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	== References==		== References==
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 *[[Mozambique Electricity Situation]]
 *[[Mozambique Energy Situation]]
 == References==
 <references />

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	Mozambique is also prone to natural disasters such as flood, cyclone, and intense storms. Floods resulting from severe storms and cyclones, have caused destruction of crops and infrastructure in various occasions<ref>Climate Change Profile: Mozambique - Mozambique \| ReliefWeb’, accessed 18 May 2021, https://reliefweb.int/report/mozambique/climate-change-profile-mozambique</ref>. The reliance on farming, fishing and agricultural activities of more than half of the population translates into an increased risk on the local economy in the event of a natural disaster<ref>Government of Mozambique, ‘Mozambique - National Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Strategy’, 2014, https://www.greengrowthknowledge.org/sites/default/files/downloads/policy-database/MOZAMBIQUE%29%20National%20Climate%20Change%20Adaptation%20and%20Mitigation%20Strategy.pdf</ref>. In 2019, Mozambique faced two of its most destructive natural disasters. Cyclone Idai and Cyclone Kenneth devastated large areas of Mozambique, Malawi, Tanzania and Zimbabwe that are still in recovery<ref>The Guardian, ‘Cyclone Idai ’ Might Be Southern Hemisphere’s Worst Such Disaster’’, 2019, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/mar/19/cyclone-idai-worst-weather-disaster-to-hit-southern-hemisphere-mozambique-malawi</ref>. The in-land central part of Mozambique also suffers from droughts due to unpredictable rainfall patterns that affect agricultural productivity and access to fresh water<ref>AfDB, ‘Mozambique - National Climate Change Profile’, Text (African Development Bank Group, 2019), https://www.afdb.org/en/documents/mozambique-national-climate-change-profile</ref>.		Mozambique is also prone to natural disasters such as flood, cyclone, and intense storms. Floods resulting from severe storms and cyclones, have caused destruction of crops and infrastructure in various occasions<ref>Climate Change Profile: Mozambique - Mozambique \| ReliefWeb’, accessed 18 May 2021, https://reliefweb.int/report/mozambique/climate-change-profile-mozambique</ref>. The reliance on farming, fishing and agricultural activities of more than half of the population translates into an increased risk on the local economy in the event of a natural disaster<ref>Government of Mozambique, ‘Mozambique - National Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Strategy’, 2014, https://www.greengrowthknowledge.org/sites/default/files/downloads/policy-database/MOZAMBIQUE%29%20National%20Climate%20Change%20Adaptation%20and%20Mitigation%20Strategy.pdf</ref>. In 2019, Mozambique faced two of its most destructive natural disasters. Cyclone Idai and Cyclone Kenneth devastated large areas of Mozambique, Malawi, Tanzania and Zimbabwe that are still in recovery<ref>The Guardian, ‘Cyclone Idai ’ Might Be Southern Hemisphere’s Worst Such Disaster’’, 2019, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/mar/19/cyclone-idai-worst-weather-disaster-to-hit-southern-hemisphere-mozambique-malawi</ref>. The in-land central part of Mozambique also suffers from droughts due to unpredictable rainfall patterns that affect agricultural productivity and access to fresh water<ref>AfDB, ‘Mozambique - National Climate Change Profile’, Text (African Development Bank Group, 2019), https://www.afdb.org/en/documents/mozambique-national-climate-change-profile</ref>.
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	== Further Information==		== Further Information==