Introduction to the Concept of Sustainability - Revision history

Wiki Gardener at 12:17, 8 August 2014

2014-08-08T12:17:39Z

Wiki Gardener at 12:12, 8 August 2014

2014-08-08T12:12:02Z

Ranisha at 12:23, 7 July 2014

2014-07-07T12:23:24Z

Wiki Gardener at 09:22, 21 November 2012

2012-11-21T09:22:41Z

Wiki Gardener at 09:21, 21 November 2012

2012-11-21T09:21:58Z

Wiki Gardener at 09:17, 21 November 2012

2012-11-21T09:17:09Z

Wiki Gardener at 09:13, 21 November 2012

2012-11-21T09:13:36Z

Lisafeldmann at 10:32, 17 November 2011

2011-11-17T10:32:28Z

Lisafeldmann at 10:32, 17 November 2011

2011-11-17T10:32:06Z

Lisafeldmann at 10:30, 17 November 2011

2011-11-17T10:30:45Z

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 (2) that can continue or be continued for a long time
 <br/>1. [http://www.giz.de/en/aboutgiz/profile.html Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH]:
@@ Line 81: / Line 82: @@
 Project activities are often described, analyzed and compared in terms of their environmental impact as one important yardstick for sustainability. However, given the background of a globally changing climate, it is equally important to assess the sustainability of a project in terms of its vulnerability or resilience towards expected regional climate impacts. Climate proofing and adaptation activities in energy sector programmes therefore increasingly gain importance in development planning.
+<br/>
 = Further Information =
 *[http://www.un-documents.net/wced-ocf.htm Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future]
-*[[Sustainability_Assessment_of_Improved_Household_Cookstove_Dissemination|Sustainability of cookstoves - GIZ HERA cooking stove compendium]]<br/>
+*[[Sustainability Assessment of Improved Household Cookstove Dissemination|Sustainability of cookstoves - GIZ HERA cooking stove compendium]]<br/>
+*[[:File:HERA_Sustainability_Factors_2008.pdf|Download: HERA Sustainability Factors]]
 = References =
@@ Line 94: / Line 96: @@
 <references />
 [[Category:Sustainability]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-= History =
+= Overview<br/> =
-Sustainability did not play any role in development projects until the late 1980s. But a steady growing population, especially in the developing world, environmental worries like deforestation, land degradation (especially desertification), air pollution, toxic waste and ongoing scarcity of clean water and the absence of ground-breaking success in poverty reduction prominently placed it on the agenda of the United Nations.<br/>In 1983 the UN Secretary General Javier Perez de Cuellar invited Norwegian prime minister Gro Harlem Brundtland to chair a World Commission on Environment and Development. The commission's report was finally presented in 1987 and established the concept of sustainable development.<br/>Brundtland declared that only ''sustainable'' development could lead to the fulfillment of human needs with the protection of air, soil, water and all forms of life - from which, ultimately, planetary stability was inseparable. Therefore, for the first time poverty reduction was linked to environmentalism and vice versa. Also questions of ecological justice concerning the allocation of natural resources between the developed and the developing countries were addressed.
+Sustainability did not play any role in development projects until the late 1980s. But a steady growing population, especially in the developing world, environmental worries like deforestation, land degradation (especially desertification), air pollution, toxic waste and ongoing scarcity of clean water and the absence of ground-breaking success in poverty reduction prominently placed it on the agenda of the [http://www.un.org/ United Nations].<br/>
-The findings of this report led to the first Earth Summit - the UN Conference on Environment and Development - at Rio de Janeiro in 1992, and to the Agenda 21.<br/>Today, more then 20 years after the release of the Brundtland Report, sustainable development is one of the key issues on the political agenda. But as the report indicates, arriving at a commonly accepted definition of ''sustainable development'' remains a challenge for all the actors in the development process.
+<br/>
 <br/>
-= Prominent definitions =
+= Prominent Definitions<br/> =
-'''Oxford Dictionary:'''
+== Oxford Dictionary<br/> ==
 Sustainable (1) involving the use of natural products and energy in a way that does not harm the environment;
@@ Line 16: / Line 29: @@
 (2) that can continue or be continued for a long time
 For the work of GTZ, sustainable development means:
 *supporting economic growth for more prosperity in partner countries
 *ensuring equal opportunities for rich and poor, North and South, women and men
 *utilizing natural resources for the benefit of present and future generations
+<br/>
 . Reinhard Stockmann: (''Scholar)''
-A project in development cooperation is sustainable
+<u>A project in development cooperation is sustainable:</u>
 *if there were built up adequate structures which enable the counterpart or beneficiary to successfully react on changing environmental conditions (problem solving capacity)
 *if there are planned and unplanned multiplier effects (Multiplikatorwirkungen), in a way that benefits spread to a wider population
 *if the project becomes a role model for others
+<br/>
 . Franz Nuscheler: ''(Scholar)''
-Nuscheler defines it as a
+<u>Nuscheler defines it as a:</u>
 *permanent impact,
 *economic efficient/ productive,
@@ Line 42: / Line 60: @@
 *environmental compatible development ''(dauerhafte, wirtschaftlich leistungsfähige, sozial gerechte und umweltverträgliche Entwicklung)''.
-. The Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD-DAC) defines sustainability as:
+<u>defines sustainability as:</u>
 *the continuation of benefits from a development intervention after major assistance has been completed,
 *the probability of continued long term benefits, and
@@ Line 51: / Line 71: @@
 <br/>
-= Sustainability indicators =
+= Sustainability Indicators =
 To assess whether a current development path of a particular nation, or of the world at large, is consistent with the idea of sustainability, reliable indicators that measure the status quo are needed. Among others, the concept of the Ecological Footprint, as developed by Wackernagel and Rees 1996, or the much less clearly defined concept of the Carbon Footprint are two interesting ecological accounting tools to measure sustainability.
@@ Line 57: / Line 77: @@
 <br/>
-{{Revision|(The red link below doesn't have an existent web page).}}
+= Sustainability & Climate Change =
-'''Links:'''<br/>[http://www.un-documents.net/wced-ocf.htm Our Common Future: Brundtland Report]<br/>[http://www.gtz.de/en/15534.htm GTZ Sustainable Development]
+= References =
-[[Sustainability of cookstoves|Sustainability of cookstoves - GIZ HERA cooking stove compendium]]
+<references />
 [[Category:Sustainability]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 = History =
-Sustainability did not play any role in development projects until the late 1980s. But a steady growing population, especially in the developing world, environmental worries like deforestation, land degradation (especially desertification), air pollution, toxic waste and ongoing scarcity of clean water and the absence of ground-breaking success in poverty reduction prominently placed it on the agenda of the United Nations.<br/>In 1983 the UN Secretary General Javier Perez de Cuellar invited Norwegian prime minister Gro Harlem Brundtland to chair a World Commission on Environment and Development. The commission's report was finally presented in 1987 and established the concept of sustainable development.<br/>Brundtland declared that only ''sustainable'' development could lead to the fulfillment of human needs with the protection of air, soil, water and all forms of life - from which, ultimately, planetary stability was inseparable. Therefore, for the first time poverty reduction was linked to environmentalism and vice versa. Also questions of ecological justice concerning the allocation of natural resources between the developed and the developing countries were addressed.&nbsp;
+Sustainability did not play any role in development projects until the late 1980s. But a steady growing population, especially in the developing world, environmental worries like deforestation, land degradation (especially desertification), air pollution, toxic waste and ongoing scarcity of clean water and the absence of ground-breaking success in poverty reduction prominently placed it on the agenda of the United Nations.<br/>In 1983 the UN Secretary General Javier Perez de Cuellar invited Norwegian prime minister Gro Harlem Brundtland to chair a World Commission on Environment and Development. The commission's report was finally presented in 1987 and established the concept of sustainable development.<br/>Brundtland declared that only ''sustainable'' development could lead to the fulfillment of human needs with the protection of air, soil, water and all forms of life - from which, ultimately, planetary stability was inseparable. Therefore, for the first time poverty reduction was linked to environmentalism and vice versa. Also questions of ecological justice concerning the allocation of natural resources between the developed and the developing countries were addressed.
 The findings of this report led to the first Earth Summit - the UN Conference on Environment and Development - at Rio de Janeiro in 1992, and to the Agenda 21.<br/>Today, more then 20 years after the release of the Brundtland Report, sustainable development is one of the key issues on the political agenda. But as the report indicates, arriving at a commonly accepted definition of ''sustainable development'' remains a challenge for all the actors in the development process.
 = Prominent definitions =
@@ Line 10: / Line 12: @@
 '''Oxford Dictionary:'''
-Sustainable&nbsp; (1) involving the use of natural products and energy in a way that does not harm the environment;
+Sustainable (1) involving the use of natural products and energy in a way that does not harm the environment;
-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;(2) that can continue or be continued for a long time
+(2) that can continue or be continued for a long time
 '''Other sources:'''<br/>1. GTZ: (''Declared in 2005 sustainable development to be the corporate guiding principle'')
 For the work of GTZ, sustainable development means:
 *supporting economic growth for more prosperity in partner countries
 *ensuring equal opportunities for rich and poor, North and South, women and men
 *utilizing natural resources for the benefit of present and future generations
-&nbsp;
 . Reinhard Stockmann: (''Scholar)''
 A project in development cooperation is sustainable
 *if there were built up adequate structures which enable the counterpart or beneficiary to successfully react on changing environmental conditions (problem solving capacity)
 *if there are planned and unplanned multiplier effects (Multiplikatorwirkungen), in a way that benefits spread to a wider population
 *if the project becomes a role model for others
-&nbsp;
 . Franz Nuscheler: ''(Scholar)''
 Nuscheler defines it as a
 *permanent impact,
 *economic efficient/ productive,
@@ Line 43: / Line 42: @@
 *environmental compatible development ''(dauerhafte, wirtschaftlich leistungsfähige, sozial gerechte und umweltverträgliche Entwicklung)''.
-&nbsp;
 . The Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD-DAC) defines sustainability as:
 *the continuation of benefits from a development intervention after major assistance has been completed,
 *the probability of continued long term benefits, and
-*&nbsp;the resilience to risks of the net benefit flows over time.” („Glossary of Key terms in Evaluation and Results Based Management“ OECD-DAC Working Group on Aid Effectiveness. 2002.)
+*the resilience to risks of the net benefit flows over time.” („Glossary of Key terms in Evaluation and Results Based Management“ OECD-DAC Working Group on Aid Effectiveness. 2002.)
-= Sustainability indicators  =
+= Sustainability indicators =
 To assess whether a current development path of a particular nation, or of the world at large, is consistent with the idea of sustainability, reliable indicators that measure the status quo are needed. Among others, the concept of the Ecological Footprint, as developed by Wackernagel and Rees 1996, or the much less clearly defined concept of the Carbon Footprint are two interesting ecological accounting tools to measure sustainability.
-<br>
+<br/>
 {{Revision|(The red link below doesn't have an existent web page).}}
 = Sustainability & Climate change =
-Project activities are often described, analyzed and compared in terms of their environmental impact as one important yardstick for sustainability. However, given the background of a globally changing climate, it is equally important to assess the sustainability of a project in terms of its vulnerability or resilience towards expected regional climate impacts. Climate proofing and [[Energy sector adaptation|adaptation activities in energy sector programmes]] therefore increasingly gain importance in development planning.
+Project activities are often described, analyzed and compared in terms of their environmental impact as one important yardstick for sustainability. However, given the background of a globally changing climate, it is equally important to assess the sustainability of a project in terms of its vulnerability or resilience towards expected regional climate impacts. Climate proofing and [[Energy Sector Adaptation|adaptation activities in energy sector programmes]] therefore increasingly gain importance in development planning.
-'''Links:'''<br/>[http://www.un-documents.net/wced-ocf.htm Our Common Future: Brundtland Report ]<br/>[http://www.gtz.de/en/15534.htm <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">GTZ Sustainable Development</span>]
+'''Links:'''<br/>[http://www.un-documents.net/wced-ocf.htm Our Common Future: Brundtland Report]<br/>[http://www.gtz.de/en/15534.htm GTZ Sustainable Development]
-[[Sustainability of cookstoves|<font color="#00599e">Sustainability</font>&nbsp;of cookstoves - GIZ&nbsp;HERA cooking stove compendium]]
+[[Sustainability of cookstoves|Sustainability of cookstoves - GIZ HERA cooking stove compendium]]
 [[Category:Sustainability]]

@@ Line 64: / Line 64: @@
 Project activities are often described, analyzed and compared in terms of their environmental impact as one important yardstick for sustainability. However, given the background of a globally changing climate, it is equally important to assess the sustainability of a project in terms of its vulnerability or resilience towards expected regional climate impacts. Climate proofing and [[Energy sector adaptation|adaptation activities in energy sector programmes]] therefore increasingly gain importance in development planning.
+'''Links:'''<br/>[http://www.un-documents.net/wced-ocf.htm Our Common Future: Brundtland Report ]<br/>[http://www.gtz.de/en/15534.htm <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">GTZ Sustainable Development</span>]
 [[Sustainability of cookstoves|<font color="#00599e">Sustainability</font>&nbsp;of cookstoves - GIZ&nbsp;HERA cooking stove compendium]]
 [[Category:Sustainability]]

@@ Line 58: / Line 58: @@
 <br>
-= Sustainability &amp; Climate change  =
+{{Revision|(The red link below doesn't have an existent web page).}}
-Project activities are often described, analyzed and compared in terms of their environmental impact as one important yardstick for sustainability. However, given the background of a globally changing climate, it is equally important to assess the sustainability of a project in terms of its vulnerability or resilience towards expected regional climate impacts. Climate proofing and [[Energy sector adaptation|adaptation activities in energy sector programmes]] therefore increasingly gain importance in development planning.
+= Sustainability & Climate change =
-<br>
+Project activities are often described, analyzed and compared in terms of their environmental impact as one important yardstick for sustainability. However, given the background of a globally changing climate, it is equally important to assess the sustainability of a project in terms of its vulnerability or resilience towards expected regional climate impacts. Climate proofing and [[Energy sector adaptation|adaptation activities in energy sector programmes]] therefore increasingly gain importance in development planning.
-[[Sustainability_of_cookstoves|<font color="#00599e">Sustainability</font>&nbsp;of cookstoves - GIZ&nbsp;HERA cooking stove compendium]]
 [[Category:Sustainability]]