Hydro Power - Civil Engineering - Revision history

Tim: /* Poles (wood pole protection) */

2015-11-10T20:58:24Z

Poles (wood pole protection)

Michel andre: /* Further Information */

2014-10-02T08:57:37Z

Further Information

Michel andre: /* Further Information */

2014-10-02T08:56:02Z

Further Information

Ranisha: /* Weir and Intake */

2014-08-19T09:12:25Z

Weir and Intake

Ranisha: /* Further Information */

2014-08-19T09:10:25Z

Further Information

Ranisha at 09:06, 19 August 2014

2014-08-19T09:06:45Z

Ranisha at 07:19, 14 August 2014

2014-08-14T07:19:04Z

Ranisha at 14:14, 16 July 2014

2014-07-16T14:14:45Z

Katharina Wiedemann at 14:55, 28 November 2013

2013-11-28T14:55:01Z

Katharina Wiedemann at 14:53, 28 November 2013

2013-11-28T14:53:45Z

@@ Line 51: / Line 51: @@
 <br/>
 == Poles (wood pole protection)<br/> ==
-The previously used Boucherie system has not proven successful in the tropics because it was not effective against termites. Experience with this system were made by GTZ in Burundi during the 70th. (one manufacturer of the chemical is/was[http://www.wolman.de/en/about_us/index.php?thisID=67 :]Wolmanit).<br/><br/>The necessary 'Boucherie system' pole caps have long been out of industry production.
+The previously used Boucherie system has not proven successful in the tropics because it was not effective against termites. Experience with this system were made by GTZ in Burundi during the 70th. (one manufacturer of the chemical is/was[http://www.wolman.de/en/about_us/index.php?thisID=67 :]Wolmanit). The necessary 'Boucherie system' pole caps have long been out of industry production.
 The only effective means (of wood protection) in the tropic is '''Creosote '''because it is also effective against termites.
-<div style="text-align: left"><div>The poles can be dipped - but this is not very effectively because only the outer sides of the mast is covered. After a short time the agent runs down the mast. What remains is the bare wood. The only advantage is that thickens the protection is thickend in the earth transition zone.</div><div></div><div>The only effective wood pole protection is the industrial pressure/vacuum process with creosote.</div><div><div><br/></div><div>Cylindrical steel poles are more durable but more expensive than wood poles.<br/></div><div>Several European manufacturer produce galvanized, octagonal steel poles that can be used.<br/></div><div>
+<div style="text-align: left"><div>The poles can be dipped - but this is not very effectively because only the outer sides of the mast is covered. After a short time the agent runs down the mast. What remains is the bare wood. The only advantage is that thickens the protection is thickend in the earth transition zone.</div><div></div><div>The only effective wood pole protection is the industrial pressure/vacuum process with creosote.</div><div><div><br/></div><div></div><div>Cylindrical steel poles are more durable but more expensive than wood poles.<br/></div><div>Several European manufacturer produce galvanized, octagonal steel poles that can be used.<br/></div><div>
 Alternatively and dependend from actual design,<br/>you may keep powerlines short, use local available materials and ensure mechanisms for regular maintenance.
 </div></div></div>
 <br/>

@@ Line 63: / Line 63: @@
 </div></div></div>
 <br/>
 = Further Information =
-*[http://www.energyservices.lk/forms/techspec.htm Technical specifications - Sri Lanka]
+*[http://www.energyservices.lk/forms/techspec.htm Technical specifications for MHP][http://www.energyservices.lk/forms/techspec.htm - Sri Lanka]
 *[http://practicalaction.org/civil-works-guidelines-for-micro-hydropower-in-nepal Civil Works Guidelines for Micro Hydropower in Nepal]<br/>
 *[[Portal:Hydro|Hydro portal on energypedia]]

@@ Line 63: / Line 63: @@
 </div></div></div>
 <br/>
 = Further Information =
 *[http://practicalaction.org/civil-works-guidelines-for-micro-hydropower-in-nepal Civil Works Guidelines for Micro Hydropower in Nepal]<br/>
 *[[Portal:Hydro|Hydro portal on energypedia]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 [[Portal:Hydro|► Back to Hydro Portal]]
 == Weir and Intake ==
-A (overflow) weir maintains a constant water level in the river at this point. This allows to divert a constant amount of water from the river into canal, '''penstock''' and turbine. If there is substantial silt in the water (muddy or sandy grounds) it requires a '''flush gate'''. Such gate can be opened to clear out silt which is usually transported with waters downstream but settles before a weir.
+A (overflow) weir maintains a constant water level in the river at this point. This allows to divert a constant amount of water from the river into canal, '''penstock''' and [[Wind_Turbine_Technology|turbine]]. If there is substantial silt in the water (muddy or sandy grounds) it requires a '''flush gate'''. Such gate can be opened to clear out silt which is usually transported with waters downstream but settles before a weir.
 Intake is the structure between river an canal. It consists of a gate to open/close the water feed. A rake prevents major debris to enter the system. The intake is located preferably on an outside of a river bend in a way that silt and debris is not “automatically” streamed in. Due to it’s location in/on the river it is to be designed to withstand floods.
@@ Line 11: / Line 12: @@
 <br/>
 == Canal<br/> ==

@@ Line 64: / Line 64: @@
 = Further Information =
-*[http://practicalaction.org/civil-works-guidelines-for-micro-hydropower-in-nepal practicalaction.org/civil-works-guidelines-for-micro-hydropower-in-nepal]<br/>
+*[http://practicalaction.org/civil-works-guidelines-for-micro-hydropower-in-nepal Civil Works Guidelines for Micro Hydropower in Nepal]<br/>
-*[[Portal:Hydro|Portal:Hydro]]
+*[[Portal:Hydro|Hydro portal on energypedia]]
 <br/>
 = References =

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:06, 19 August 2014
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	[[Portal:Hydro\|► Back to Hydro Portal]]		[[Portal:Hydro\|► Back to Hydro Portal]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:19, 14 August 2014
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		+	[[Portal:Hydro\|► Back to Hydro Portal]]

	== Weir and Intake ==		== Weir and Intake ==

@@ Line 60: / Line 60: @@
 <br/>
-= Further Reading =
+= Further Information =
 *[http://practicalaction.org/civil-works-guidelines-for-micro-hydropower-in-nepal practicalaction.org/civil-works-guidelines-for-micro-hydropower-in-nepal]<br/>
 [[Category:Hydro]]

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 Intake is the structure between river an canal. It consists of a gate to open/close the water feed. A rake prevents major debris to enter the system. The intake is located preferably on an outside of a river bend in a way that silt and debris is not “automatically” streamed in. Due to it’s location in/on the river it is to be designed to withstand floods.
-[[File:Weir construction.jpg|Weir construction.jpg|alt=Weir construction.jpg]]
+[[File:Weir construction.jpg|663px|Weir construction.jpg|alt=Weir construction.jpg]]
 <br/>
@@ Line 20: / Line 20: @@
 The '''sandtrap''' separates silt and debris from the water before it enters penstock and turbine. It can be placed on the beginning or the end of the canal. The forebay is wider than the canal so the water goes slower. Therefore fine materials such as sand and mud settle at the bottom. A '''flush gate''' or a flush pipe at smaller installations is used to clean the sandtrap during maintainance intervals. A '''spillway''' ensures controlled overflow in case of flooding of canal.
-[[File:Sand trap forebay.jpg|left|Sand trap forebay.jpg|alt=Sand trap forebay.jpg]]
+[[File:Sand trap forebay.jpg|left|546px|Sand trap forebay.jpg|alt=Sand trap forebay.jpg]]
 == Forebay and Trash Rack ==
@@ Line 26: / Line 26: @@
 In the '''forebay''' tank the connection towards the '''penstock''' must not be the lowest point. The lowest point is towards a flush pipe. At such sand and mud can be flushed out during maintenance intervals. The '''forebay''' is closed by a '''trash rack'''. It's preventing any debris entering the penstock!<br/>'''Trash rack''' Features: As wide as possible to prevent quick blocking by debris. Grid should be cleanable by a rake from the top. Easy access and comfortable handling make regular cleaning more probable.
-[[File:Ererti I forbay , trash rack and flush gate.JPG|thumb|left|Ererti I forbay , trash rack and flush gate.JPG]]
+[[File:Ererti I forbay , trash rack and flush gate.JPG|thumb|left|180px|Ererti I forbay , trash rack and flush gate.JPG]]
-[[File:Penstock.jpg|right|Penstock.jpg|alt=Penstock.jpg]]
+[[File:Penstock.jpg|right|338px|Penstock.jpg|alt=Penstock.jpg]]
 == Pipeline (Penstock)<br/> ==
@@ Line 38: / Line 38: @@
 == Powerhouse<br/> ==
-[[File:Powerhouse 3.jpg|right|Powerhouse 3.jpg|alt=Powerhouse 3.jpg]]
+[[File:Powerhouse 3.jpg|right|251px|Powerhouse 3.jpg|alt=Powerhouse 3.jpg]]
 The turbine, generator, and electrical control have to be protected from: rain, theft and unauthorized access. Moving parts and electrical current can be dangerous for untrained people. The turbine should be nicely accessible, placed min. 1 ½ m from the walls. The location has to be dry even during floods. Rainwater from the hill is to be drained away from the house.
@@ Line 50: / Line 50: @@
 == Poles (wood pole protection)<br/> ==
 The previously used Boucherie system has not proven successful in the tropics because it was not effective against termites. Experience with this system were made by GTZ in Burundi during the 70th. (one manufacturer of the chemical is/was[http://www.wolman.de/en/about_us/index.php?thisID=67 :]Wolmanit).<br/><br/>The necessary 'Boucherie system' pole caps have long been out of industry production.
 <br/>
 The only effective means (of wood protection) in the tropic is '''Creosote '''because it is also effective against termites.
-<div style="text-align: left"><div>The poles can be dipped - but this is not very effectively because only the outer sides of the mast is covered. After a short time the agent runs down the mast. What remains is the bare wood. The only advantage is that thickens the protection is thickend in the earth transition zone. </div><div></div><div>The only effective wood pole protection is the industrial pressure/vacuum process with creosote.</div><div><div><br/></div><div>Cylindrical steel poles are more durable but more expensive than wood poles.<br/></div><div>Several European manufacturer produce galvanized, octagonal steel poles that can be used.<br/></div><div>
+<div style="text-align: left"><div>The poles can be dipped - but this is not very effectively because only the outer sides of the mast is covered. After a short time the agent runs down the mast. What remains is the bare wood. The only advantage is that thickens the protection is thickend in the earth transition zone.</div><div></div><div>The only effective wood pole protection is the industrial pressure/vacuum process with creosote.</div><div><div><br/></div><div>Cylindrical steel poles are more durable but more expensive than wood poles.<br/></div><div>Several European manufacturer produce galvanized, octagonal steel poles that can be used.<br/></div><div>
 Alternatively and dependend from actual design,<br/>you may keep powerlines short, use local available materials and ensure mechanisms for regular maintenance.
 </div></div></div>