Electricity Generation from Vegetable Oils - Revision history

Ranisha: /* Technical Aspects */

2017-01-20T08:05:48Z

Technical Aspects

Ranisha: /* Further Information */

2016-07-29T14:12:36Z

Further Information

Lisafeldmann at 09:36, 7 January 2016

2016-01-07T09:36:29Z

Show changes

Ranisha: /* Extraction */

2015-02-18T14:43:56Z

Extraction

Ranisha: /* Technical Aspects */

2015-02-18T14:43:24Z

Technical Aspects

Ranisha: /* Multi-country Experience from Energiebau Köln, Germany */

2015-02-18T14:42:16Z

Multi-country Experience from Energiebau Köln, Germany

Ranisha: /* Mozambique */

2015-02-18T14:40:54Z

Mozambique

Ranisha: /* Market Development */

2015-02-18T14:40:16Z

Market Development

Ranisha at 14:39, 18 February 2015

2015-02-18T14:39:58Z

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Ranisha: /* Technical Aspects */

2015-02-18T14:37:29Z

Technical Aspects

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 = Vegetable Oil as Fuel<br/> =
 == Technical Aspects<br/> ==
-[[Vegetable Oil|Vegetable oil]] can be used to fuel diesel engines as '''straight vegetable oil (SVO)''' or as biodiesel following conversion. It can be used either for cars, [[Cooking with Liquid Biomass Fuels|cooking]] or for stationary use to power machinery or an electricity generator. The more advanced the engine technology, the more complicated or limited the use of SVO. Hence for use in modern cars with direct injection engines the conversion of SVO to biodiesel is mandatory. However SVO can be directly used as fuel for most simple stationary diesel engines used in generator sets or pump stations. Special SVO engines are also available. For robust stationary (non-vehicle) engines, the use of pure SVO is the most attractive option. This way the additional and somewhat dangerous biodiesel conversion process (due to some highly inflammable components) can be avoided; furthermore the energy yield per gallon of vegetable oil is higher when using SVO directly. This paper will in general focus on the direct use of SVOs only.<br/><u>Listed below are the potential benefits of SVOs as fuel for power generation in rural areas:</u>
+[[Vegetable Oil|Vegetable oil]] can be used to fuel diesel engines as '''straight vegetable oil (SVO)''' or as biodiesel following conversion. It can be used either for cars, [[Alcohol_Stoves|cooking]]&nbsp;or for stationary use to power machinery or an electricity generator. The more advanced the engine technology, the more complicated or limited the use of SVO. Hence for use in modern cars with direct injection engines the conversion of SVO to biodiesel is mandatory. However SVO can be directly used as fuel for most simple stationary diesel engines used in generator sets or pump stations. Special SVO engines are also available. For robust stationary (non-vehicle) engines, the use of pure SVO is the most attractive option. This way the additional and somewhat dangerous biodiesel conversion process (due to some highly inflammable components) can be avoided; furthermore the energy yield per gallon of vegetable oil is higher when using SVO directly. This paper will in general focus on the direct use of SVOs only.<br/><u>Listed below are the potential benefits of SVOs as fuel for power generation in rural areas:</u>
 *SVOs are a renewable energy source low in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
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 == Sources of Vegetable Oil<br/> ==

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 *[[Biofuel: Jatropha|Biofuel: Jatropha]]
 *[[Developing GHG Calculation Methodology for Thai Palm Oil Industry|Developing GHG Calculation Methodology for Thai Palm Oil Industry]]
-*[[Developing a GHG Calc Methodology - Sustainable Palm Oil Production for Bioenergy Project|Developing a GHG Calc Methodology - Sustainable Palm Oil Production for Bioenergy Project]]
+*[[Developing GHG Calculation Methodology for Thai Palm Oil Industry|Developing a GHG Calc Methodology - Sustainable Palm Oil Production for Bioenergy Project]]
 *[[:File:Small-scale Electricity Generation From Biomass Part-3.pdf|Small-scale electricity generation from biomass - Part III: Vegetable Oil]]. GIZ (2010), Eschborn.
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 = Reference<br/> =

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 After the crushing and pressing, the oil has to be filtered. Chamber filters with fine mesh tex-tile filters are the most common option.
-<br/></div>
+<br/>
 == Market Development<br/> ==

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 = Vegetable Oil as Fuel<br/> =
 == Technical Aspects<br/> ==
 [[Vegetable Oil|Vegetable oil]] can be used to fuel diesel engines as '''straight vegetable oil (SVO)''' or as biodiesel following conversion. It can be used either for cars, [[Cooking with Liquid Biomass Fuels|cooking]] or for stationary use to power machinery or an electricity generator.
 The more advanced the engine technology, the more complicated or limited the use of SVO. Hence for use in modern cars with direct injection engines the conversion of SVO to biodiesel is mandatory. However SVO can be directly used as fuel for most simple stationary diesel engines used in generator sets or pump stations. Special SVO engines are also available.
 For robust stationary (non-vehicle) engines, the use of pure SVO is the most attractive option. This way the additional and somewhat dangerous biodiesel conversion process (due to some highly inflammable components) can be avoided; furthermore the energy yield per gallon of vegetable oil is higher when using SVO directly. This paper will in general focus on the direct use of SVOs only.
 <br/>
 <u>Listed below are the potential benefits of SVOs as fuel for power generation in rural areas:</u>
 *SVOs are a renewable energy source low in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
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 *SVOs can be burnt in a relatively clean manner.
 *SVOs do not cause major damage if accidentally spilt.
 <br/>
 Almost all vegetable oils have a calorific value that is very similar to that of diesel fuel. However vegetable oil differs from diesel considerably with regard to viscosity, which is 10–20 times higher for SVOs. Furthermore, the solidification points of SVOs can be rather high. Coconut oil for example solidifies at temperatures below 22°C. This can cause major prob-ems particularly in cold regions.
 Oil characteristics can differ considerably between different types of SVOs as their composition of fatty acids varies. This can lead to plugging and gumming of lines, filters and injectors, as well as cause deposits inside the motor or excessive engine wear.
 There is long-term experience particularly with rapeseed oil, which has been used in Germany and other countries as fuel for cars, trucks and tractor engines for several years. There is no doubt that rapeseed oil is relatively easy and reliable to use in diesel engines.
+Other oils like palm oil, sunflower, soybean, coconut, [[Biofuel:_Jatropha|jatropha]] and cotton oil have also been used to fuel motors. Many examples are regularly presented at conferences and can be found in publications. However there does not yet seem to be much large-scale and long-term practical experience regarding the proper and economic long-term functioning of such plant oil motor-generator systems.
 For economic long-term use all machines need clean homogenous oil with specific characteristics. Elsbett, a German company that specialises in the construction of motors for plant oil fuel states, ‘Standardising of the fuel is a must.’<ref name="Elsbett, 2003">Elsbett, 2003</ref>
 Some engines are specially designed to operate with vegetable oils. Elsbett produces vegetable oil engines and provides sets for the conversion of tractor or truck engines to be fuelled by SVOs. Small (< 20 kW) Lister type diesel engines produced in England or India are also appropriate for SVOs as fuel; they are very common worldwide.<br/>A ‘how-to guide for small stationary engines’ published by the World Bank (2009) gives a good overview of the technical details for quality SVO production and the necessary proper-ties for engine modifications.
 <br/>There are several companies offering small generator sets especially for SVO use.
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 == Multi-country Experience from Energiebau Köln, Germany<br/> ==
 The German company Energiebau Köln conducted a project with Inwent - Capacity Building International between 2002 and 2008 to implement small power generating systems includ-ing SVO generator sets.
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 = Conclusions<br/> =

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:40, 18 February 2015
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	► [[Mozambique Energy Situation\|Mozambique Energy Situation]]		► [[Mozambique Energy Situation\|Mozambique Energy Situation]]

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	== Multi-country Experience from Energiebau Köln, Germany<br/> ==		== Multi-country Experience from Energiebau Köln, Germany<br/> ==

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 == Market Development<br/> ==
 The developments in the world biofuel market are important for any local approach. Many jatropha and other oil plant plantations have been established due to the biofuel hype of the recent years. Even though their yields do not fulfil the original expectations, these plantations will produce considerable amounts of oilseeds within the next few years. This will probably lead to an increasing availability of SVO on the markets; SVO production know-how will grow considerably with the lessons learnt from cultivation during this time.
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 == Energy Balance<br/> ==