Blockchain Opportunities for Social Impact in Developing Countries - Revision history

Lisafeldmann at 08:46, 6 November 2024

2024-11-06T08:46:01Z

Ranisha at 14:31, 21 September 2020

2020-09-21T14:31:05Z

Ranisha at 13:03, 22 July 2019

2019-07-22T13:03:44Z

Johanna at 12:29, 21 June 2019

2019-06-21T12:29:34Z

Ranisha at 15:33, 7 March 2018

2018-03-07T15:33:13Z

Ranisha: /* Definition: Blockchain */

2018-03-07T15:32:55Z

Definition: Blockchain

Johanna at 11:44, 30 August 2017

2017-08-30T11:44:10Z

Lisafeldmann at 12:47, 24 August 2017

2017-08-24T12:47:16Z

Johanna at 09:40, 2 August 2017

2017-08-02T09:40:37Z

Ranisha: /* Definition: Blockchain */

2017-07-19T13:55:36Z

Definition: Blockchain

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-= Overview =
+== Overview ==
 Blockchain is changing the financial sector but it is also creating new opportunities to generate social impacts, e.g. in the energy sector. In June 2017, Accelerator Frankfurt brought together start-ups and academics to discuss and learn more about new applications of this exciting technology.
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 Prof. Dr. Philipp Sandner, Frankfurt School Blockchain Center, introduced the blockchain technology briefly. His university is a front-runner on this topic as they have created a think tank and a research center which investigates the implications of the blockchain technology for companies and their business models. Luis Bezzenberger from Brainbot Technologies presented a list of organisations and companies working on applications including blockchain technologies. Björn Fischer, the final speaker presented an example of how blockchain technology could possibly change the energy access sector.
-= Definition: Blockchain =
+== Definition: Blockchain ==
 “In essence, blockchain technology constitutes a fascinating new approach to keeping track of, for example, asset ownership, without requiring a central authority and with minimal transaction costs. This in turn supports business models with the potential to trigger radical changes in society and the economy.” Philipp Sandner, Frankfurt School Blockchain Center<ref name="Jennifer Pollak. (2017, March 1). Frankfurt School sets up Blockchain Center. Retrieved 10 July 2017, from http://www.frankfurt-school.de/en/home/about/news/2017/march/fs-blockchain-center.html.">Jennifer Pollak. (2017, March 1). Frankfurt School sets up Blockchain Center. Retrieved 10 July 2017, from http://www.frankfurt-school.de/en/home/about/news/2017/march/fs-blockchain-center.html.</ref>
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 *[https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/effective-disruption-how-blockchain-technology-can-energy-bronder/ Effective Disruption: How Blockchain Technology can transform the Energy Sector]
-= Example of Companies Using Blockchain Technology =
+== Example of Companies Using Blockchain Technology ==
 *The most known use of blockchain technology is [https://bitcoin.org BitCoin]: since bitcoin is running for more than 8 years, the community have started to trust it and believe that no errors will occur.
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 *[https://www.bitpesa.co/ BitPesa] gives people the chance to exchange their bitCoins into local currency. This is really important as for people without a bank account (most of the population in developing countries) it is so far not possible to buy bitCoins.<ref name="Philipp Sandner, Frankfurt School Blockchain Center at the Accelerator Frankfurt event (5.07.2017)">Philipp Sandner, Frankfurt School Blockchain Center at the Accelerator Frankfurt event (5.07.2017)</ref>
-== Companies Using Blockchain Technology to Develop Decentralized Apps (DApps) ==
+=== Companies Using Blockchain Technology to Develop Decentralized Apps (DApps) ===
 Luis Bezzenberger from Brainbot Technologies, engages in partnerships with enterprises as well as with start-ups which seek to leverage blockchain technology to innovate. His firm creates core building blocks to scale the technology towards broad adoption of public blockchain systems. Although many applications are still something to “dream about” – a few applications have already started to engage in the real world, like payment solutions.<ref name="Luis Bezzenberger from Brainbot Technologies at the Accelerator Frankfurt event (5.07.2017)">Luis Bezzenberger from Brainbot Technologies at the Accelerator Frankfurt event (5.07.2017)</ref>
@@ Line 49: / Line 49: @@
 Blockchain technology could reinvent the democratic voting process, with a trustworthy system.<ref name="Luis Bezzenberger from Brainbot Technologies at the Accelerator Frankfurt event (5.07.2017)">Luis Bezzenberger from Brainbot Technologies at the Accelerator Frankfurt event (5.07.2017)</ref>
-= Possible Advantages of Blockchain Technology for Developing Countries =
+== Possible Advantages of Blockchain Technology for Developing Countries ==
 Compared to developed countries, developing countries are far more likely to be impacted by blockchain technologies. Some of the advantages are listed below:
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 *ADB identified 4 ways blockchain technology can disrupt the development cooperation sector: 1. Capacity building and institutional strengthening. 2. [[:Portal:Grid|Modernizing energy grids]]. Blockchain can actually help utilities keep up with rising power demand in smaller, lower-value blocks. Improve existing energy industry processes. React faster after desasters (preventing blackouts). 3. [[:Portal:Mini-grid|Renewable energy mini and microgrids.]] peer-to-peer transactions; “prosumers”. 4. Green finance and carbon trading systems. Blockchain can be deployed to both schemes, which are crucial to support the implementation of developing member countries’ [[Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC)|Nationally Determined Contributions]] under the 2015 Paris Agreement against climate change.<ref name="Zhai, Yongping. ‘4 Ways Blockchain Will Disrupt the Energy Sector’. Text, 2017. https://blogs.adb.org/blog/4-ways-blockchain-will-disrupt-energy-sector.">Zhai, Yongping. ‘4 Ways Blockchain Will Disrupt the Energy Sector’. Text, 2017. https://blogs.adb.org/blog/4-ways-blockchain-will-disrupt-energy-sector.fckLR</ref>
-== Experiences: Payment by Blockchain in Development Countries (Indonesia) ==
+=== Experiences: Payment by Blockchain in Development Countries (Indonesia) ===
 In Indonesia, the Frankfurt School is about to launch a project in cooperation with the UNTAR Tarumanagara University. The project is still at an early stage. However, they want to establish an intra-university coin system to have a showcase that demonstrably works! If the students can proof that a blockchain technology based currency works, they might identify the need for implementation throughout Indonesia.<ref name="Philipp Sandner, Frankfurt School Blockchain Center at the Accelerator Frankfurt event (5.07.2017)">Philipp Sandner, Frankfurt School Blockchain Center at the Accelerator Frankfurt event (5.07.2017)</ref> <span style="color:#FF0000">[updates coming soon]</span>
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 &nbsp;
-== Experiences: UN World Food Programme Tested Blockchain Technology ==
+=== Experiences: UN World Food Programme Tested Blockchain Technology ===
 Lack of transparency, corruption, and misuse of funds are among the challenges that international organisation face when providing cash assistance.
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 A full-scale pilot project is planned next involving up to 100,000 persons.<ref name="Luis Bezzenberger from Brainbot Technologies at the Accelerator Frankfurt event (5.07.2017)">Luis Bezzenberger from Brainbot Technologies at the Accelerator Frankfurt event (5.07.2017)</ref>
-== Experiences: Honduras Land Title Registration (Blockchain application by Government bodies) ==
+=== Experiences: Honduras Land Title Registration (Blockchain application by Government bodies) ===
 <ref name="Karanjia, Binaifer, Shankar Lakshman, and Saurajit Goswami. ‘Blockchain Technology in India | Opportunities and Challenges’. Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India LLP, 2017. https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/in/Documents/strategy/in-strategy-innovation-blockchain-technology-india-opportunities-challenges-noexp.pdf.">Karanjia, Binaifer, Shankar Lakshman, and Saurajit Goswami. ‘Blockchain Technology in India | Opportunities and Challenges’. Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India LLP, 2017. https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/in/Documents/strategy/in-strategy-innovation-blockchain-technology-india-opportunities-challenges-noexp.pdf.</ref>
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 <br/>
-== Blockchain Technology and Solar ==
+=== Blockchain Technology and Solar ===
 In August 2017, energy-focused blockchain investment fund [https://solardao.me/ Solar DAO] yesterday started its two-stage [[Crowd Funding for Energy Access|crowdfunding]] campaign to raise funds for the construction of new solar PV plants. Solar DAO is a closed-end investment fund built on Ethereum blockchain. The company said its solar plant investments will focus on the Israeli, Portuguese, [[Kazakhstan Energy Situation|Kazakhstani]] and Ukrainian markets over the next four years.<ref name="http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/articles/2017/07/blockchain-investment-fund-begins-initial-coin-offering-for-new-pv-plants.html">http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/articles/2017/07/blockchain-investment-fund-begins-initial-coin-offering-for-new-pv-plants.html</ref>
-= Blockchain Technology and Energy Access =
+== Blockchain Technology and Energy Access ==
 Blockchain technology reduces transaction costs. Therefore, also in the energy sector, blockchain technology has the potential to play a significant and potentially game-changing role:
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 *Read [[Blockchain Techologies For the Energy Access Sector|Blockchain Techologies For the Energy Access Sector]]
-= Further Information =
+== Further Information ==
 *Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. ‘Realizing Potential Blockchain’. World Economic Forum, 2017. [http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Realizing_Potential_Blockchain.pdf http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Realizing_Potential_Blockchain.pdf].
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 *Jolías, Lucas 2019: [https://www.engineeringforchange.org/news/four-lessons-blockchain-social-impact/ Four Lessons Learned from Building Blockchain Applications for Social Impact.]Lesson 1: only when it is the simplest solution available; Lesson 2: Forget about blockchain until you really know the problem; Lesson 3: Decentralized is not always better; Lesson 4: Improve your user experience (UX)!
-= References =
+== References ==
 <references />

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 = Overview =
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 <references />
 [[Category:Rural_Development]]

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 = Overview =
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 *Another questions is the business model for developing the network/app: How do they recover the development costs for a free-of-charge, open source software? They could build in transaction fees (network effects), because the price of not being part of the network is higher (having no access is associated with higher costs). Another option would be to offer extensions of the network e.g. additional features at a fee while the main part of the network is publically available.<ref name="Luis Bezzenberger from Brainbot Technologies at the Accelerator Frankfurt event (5.07.2017)">Luis Bezzenberger from Brainbot Technologies at the Accelerator Frankfurt event (5.07.2017)</ref>
 *Since the technology today is too slow and is therefore only piloted in projects with a limited number of smart meters, it is estimated that within the next 2-5 years, blockchain could become mainstream.<ref name="Runyon, J. (2017, May 15). How Smart Contracts [Could] Simplify Clean Energy Distribution. Retrieved 10 July 2017, from http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/articles/2017/05/how-smart-contracts-could-simplify-clean-energy-distribution.html.">Runyon, J. (2017, May 15). How Smart Contracts [Could] Simplify Clean Energy Distribution. Retrieved 10 July 2017, from http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/articles/2017/05/how-smart-contracts-could-simplify-clean-energy-distribution.html.</ref>
-*ADB identified 4 ways blockchain technology can disrupt the development cooperation sector: 1. Capacity building and institutional strengthening. 2. [[:Portal:Grid|Modernizing energy grids]]. Blockchain can actually help utilities keep up with rising power demand in smaller, lower-value blocks. Improve existing energy industry processes. React faster after desasters (preventing blackouts). 3. [[:Portal:Mini-grid|Renewable energy mini and microgrids.]] peer-to-peer transactions; “prosumers”. 4. Green finance and carbon trading systems. Blockchain can be deployed to both schemes, which are crucial to support the implementation of developing member countries’ [[Intended_Nationally_Determined_Contributions_(INDC)|Nationally Determined Contributions]] under the 2015 Paris Agreement against climate change.<ref name="Zhai, Yongping. ‘4 Ways Blockchain Will Disrupt the Energy Sector’. Text, 2017. https://blogs.adb.org/blog/4-ways-blockchain-will-disrupt-energy-sector.">Zhai, Yongping. ‘4 Ways Blockchain Will Disrupt the Energy Sector’. Text, 2017. https://blogs.adb.org/blog/4-ways-blockchain-will-disrupt-energy-sector.
+*ADB identified 4 ways blockchain technology can disrupt the development cooperation sector: 1. Capacity building and institutional strengthening. 2. [[:Portal:Grid|Modernizing energy grids]]. Blockchain can actually help utilities keep up with rising power demand in smaller, lower-value blocks. Improve existing energy industry processes. React faster after desasters (preventing blackouts). 3. [[:Portal:Mini-grid|Renewable energy mini and microgrids.]] peer-to-peer transactions; “prosumers”. 4. Green finance and carbon trading systems. Blockchain can be deployed to both schemes, which are crucial to support the implementation of developing member countries’ [[Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC)|Nationally Determined Contributions]] under the 2015 Paris Agreement against climate change.<ref name="Zhai, Yongping. ‘4 Ways Blockchain Will Disrupt the Energy Sector’. Text, 2017. https://blogs.adb.org/blog/4-ways-blockchain-will-disrupt-energy-sector.">Zhai, Yongping. ‘4 Ways Blockchain Will Disrupt the Energy Sector’. Text, 2017. https://blogs.adb.org/blog/4-ways-blockchain-will-disrupt-energy-sector.fckLR</ref>
 == Experiences: Payment by Blockchain in Development Countries (Indonesia) ==
@@ Line 112: / Line 112: @@
 *Karanjia, Binaifer, Shankar Lakshman, and Saurajit Goswami. ‘Blockchain Technology in India&nbsp;&nbsp; | Opportunities and Challenges’. Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India LLP, 2017. [https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/in/Documents/strategy/in-strategy-innovation-blockchain-technology-india-opportunities-challenges-noexp.pdf https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/in/Documents/strategy/in-strategy-innovation-blockchain-technology-india-opportunities-challenges-noexp.pdf].
 *Kim, Kibum, and Taewon Kang. ‘Does Technology Against Corruption Always Lead to Benefit? The Potential Risks and Challenges of the Blockchain Technology’. 2017 OECD Global Anti - Corruption & Integrity Forum, 2017. [https://www.oecd.org/cleangovbiz/Integrity-Forum-2017-Kim-Kang-blockchain-technology.pdf https://www.oecd.org/cleangovbiz/Integrity-Forum-2017-Kim-Kang-blockchain-technology.pdf].
+*Green, Duncan. ‘Blockchain for Development | From Poverty to Power’, 9 May 2017. [https://oxfamblogs.org/fp2p/blockchain-for-development-a-handy-bluffers-guide/ https://oxfamblogs.org/fp2p/blockchain-for-development-a-handy-bluffers-guide/].
-Green, Duncan. ‘Blockchain for Development | From Poverty to Power’, 9 May 2017. https://oxfamblogs.org/fp2p/blockchain-for-development-a-handy-bluffers-guide/.
+*Jolías, Lucas 2019: [https://www.engineeringforchange.org/news/four-lessons-blockchain-social-impact/ Four Lessons Learned from Building Blockchain Applications for Social Impact.]Lesson 1: only when it is the simplest solution available; Lesson 2: Forget about blockchain until you really know the problem; Lesson 3: Decentralized is not always better; Lesson 4: Improve your user experience (UX)!
 = References =
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 <references />
 [[Category:Financing_and_Funding]]

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 = Overview =
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 *<span style="color:#FF0000">[https://medium.com/@philippsandner/solving-challenges-in-developing-countries-with-blockchain-technology-78ec9b01bae3 Solving Challenges in developing countries with blockchain technology by K. Schmidt and P. Sandner]</span>
 *[https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/effective-disruption-how-blockchain-technology-can-energy-bronder/ Effective Disruption: How Blockchain Technology can transform the Energy Sector]
 = Example of Companies Using Blockchain Technology =
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 <references />
 [[Category:Rural_Development]]

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 In addition, blockchain offer redundant storage. This allows a blockchain system to be robust against potential errors. Similar to the internet for information transmission, a blockchain will still operate even if several nodes drop out of the network.
-Weak institutions: Usually, people trust institutions like big banks and national Governments: blockchain allows us to trust solely in the technology.<ref name="Philipp Sandner, Frankfurt School Blockchain Center at the Accelerator Frankfurt event (5.07.2017)">Philipp Sandner, Frankfurt School Blockchain Center at the Accelerator Frankfurt event (5.07.2017)</ref> Upcoming publication by the Frankfurt School Blockchain Center.<ref name="Sandner, Philipp. ‘Solving Challenges in Developing Countries with Blockchain Technology’. Medium, 9 July 2017. https://medium.com/@philippsandner/solving-challenges-in-developing-countries-with-blockchain-technology-78ec9b01bae3.">Sandner, Philipp. ‘Solving Challenges in Developing Countries with Blockchain Technology’. Medium, 9 July 2017. https://medium.com/@philippsandner/solving-challenges-in-developing-countries-with-blockchain-technology-78ec9b01bae3.
+Weak institutions: Usually, people trust institutions like big banks and national Governments: blockchain allows us to trust solely in the technology.<ref name="Philipp Sandner, Frankfurt School Blockchain Center at the Accelerator Frankfurt event (5.07.2017)">Philipp Sandner, Frankfurt School Blockchain Center at the Accelerator Frankfurt event (5.07.2017)</ref> Upcoming publication by the Frankfurt School Blockchain Center.<ref name="Sandner, Philipp. ‘Solving Challenges in Developing Countries with Blockchain Technology’. Medium, 9 July 2017. https://medium.com/@philippsandner/solving-challenges-in-developing-countries-with-blockchain-technology-78ec9b01bae3.">Sandner, Philipp. ‘Solving Challenges in Developing Countries with Blockchain Technology’. Medium, 9 July 2017. https://medium.com/@philippsandner/solving-challenges-in-developing-countries-with-blockchain-technology-78ec9b01bae3.fckLR</ref> <span style="color:#FF0000"></span>
 *<span style="color:#FF0000">[https://medium.com/@philippsandner/solving-challenges-in-developing-countries-with-blockchain-technology-78ec9b01bae3 Solving Challenges in developing countries with blockchain technology by K. Schmidt and P. Sandner]</span>
 = Example of Companies Using Blockchain Technology =
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 <br/>
 = Blockchain technology and energy access =
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 <references />
 [[Category:Financing_and_Funding]]

@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 “In essence, blockchain technology constitutes a fascinating new approach to keeping track of, for example, asset ownership, without requiring a central authority and with minimal transaction costs. This in turn supports business models with the potential to trigger radical changes in society and the economy.” Philipp Sandner, Frankfurt School Blockchain Center<ref name="Jennifer Pollak. (2017, March 1). Frankfurt School sets up Blockchain Center. Retrieved 10 July 2017, from http://www.frankfurt-school.de/en/home/about/news/2017/march/fs-blockchain-center.html.">Jennifer Pollak. (2017, March 1). Frankfurt School sets up Blockchain Center. Retrieved 10 July 2017, from http://www.frankfurt-school.de/en/home/about/news/2017/march/fs-blockchain-center.html.</ref>
-Distributed Ledger Technology: Blockchain is a ledger of transactions maintained by a network of computers. New transactions are registered and compiled in batches called "blocks" and are then added to the existing chain of blocks and hence the name, Blockchain.The users can then look at the transactions to verify that a particular transaction took place at a particular time.<ref> The COINTELEGRAPH: https://cointelegraph.com/tags/blockchain</ref>
+Distributed Ledger Technology: Blockchain is a ledger of transactions maintained by a network of computers. New transactions are registered and compiled in batches called "blocks" and then are added to the existing chain of blocks and hence the name, Blockchain.The users can then look at the transactions to verify that a particular transaction took place at a particular time.<ref> The COINTELEGRAPH: https://cointelegraph.com/tags/blockchain</ref>
 Blockchain technology allows us to transfer values (e.g. money or energy) in the future. For money transfer (the most common use of blockchains), blockchain system is the central system that everybody trusts to send electronic money instead of a central system like a bank.