Air Quality Management And Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions - Revision history

Johanna at 17:20, 25 October 2019

2019-10-25T17:20:25Z

Johanna: /* Strategies to Improve Air Quality */

2019-10-25T17:15:53Z

Strategies to Improve Air Quality

Johanna at 16:46, 24 October 2019

2019-10-24T16:46:03Z

Johanna at 09:46, 19 September 2019

2019-09-19T09:46:17Z

Ahmed El-Sherbini at 15:01, 3 September 2019

2019-09-03T15:01:15Z

Ahmed El-Sherbini: /* Further Information */

2019-09-03T13:42:24Z

Further Information

Johanna: /* Further Information */

2019-08-28T15:59:13Z

Further Information

Ahmed El-Sherbini at 13:56, 28 August 2019

2019-08-28T13:56:34Z

Ahmed El-Sherbini at 13:47, 28 August 2019

2019-08-28T13:47:41Z

Ahmed El-Sherbini at 13:41, 28 August 2019

2019-08-28T13:41:11Z

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-Air Pollution in Tshwane has several causes: Heavy traffic combined with low fuel standards, a lot of cooking and heating with coal and wood (including small boilers) (see also [[Indoor Air Pollution (IAP)|Indoor Air Pollution (IAP)]]), informal burning of waste, industrial activities like e.g. mining. This is insofar important as it describes responsibilities: public as well as private and business responsibilities with the lead and overall coordination of the efforts in the hands of the city.
+Air Pollution in Tshwane has several causes: Heavy traffic combined with low fuel standards, a lot of cooking and heating [[Cooking_with_Coal|with coal]] and [[Cooking_with_Firewood|wood]] (including small boilers) (see also [[Indoor Air Pollution (IAP)|Indoor Air Pollution (IAP)]]), informal burning of waste, industrial activities like e.g. mining. This is insofar important as it describes responsibilities: public as well as private and business responsibilities with the lead and overall coordination of the efforts in the hands of the city.
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 == Strategies to Improve Air Quality<br/> ==
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 The AQM plan of Tshwane details several strategies to improve air quality of which only some will be highlighted here:
-#Tackle air pollution (most of all particulate matter) in high-density low-income residential areas where wood and coal still are the preferred energy option. This will be done by forging partnerships to provide cost-effective and sustainable clean energy alternatives to residents; by identifying and implementing clean-technology combustion devices; by promoting the co-benefits for air quality and health of energy-efficient houses. The GIZ will assist the City of Tshwane e.g. by checking feasibility of introducing renewable energy off-grid solutions to mentioned areas or introducing compressed liquid gas production from organic waste. This is accompanied by awareness raising work for the wider public.
+#'''Tackle air pollution (most of all particulate matter) in high-density low-income residential areas where wood and coal still are the preferred energy option.''' This will be done by forging partnerships to provide cost-effective and sustainable clean energy alternatives to residents; by identifying and implementing clean-technology combustion devices; by promoting the co-benefits for air quality and health of energy-efficient houses. The GIZ will assist the City of Tshwane e.g. by checking feasibility of introducing renewable energy off-grid solutions to mentioned areas or introducing compressed liquid gas production from organic waste. This is accompanied by awareness raising work for the wider public.
-#Address emissions from motor vehicles, e.g. by improving public transport, restricting vehicles in high traffic zones, provision of alternative non-car infrastructure. However, improving air pollution from traffic is a very hard task and needs piecemeal introduction. Part of this is awareness raising and induction of changes at the city level itself (different budget allocations, road planning, transport planning etc.). Roadside testing of vehicle emissions is another way to improve awareness and accompany the introduction of more stringent rules and standards. However, security is an issue - not everybody is willing to forgo his/her car and instead walk or cycle due to fears about potential attackers on the street.
+#'''Address emissions from motor vehicles, e.g. by improving public transport, restricting vehicles in high traffic zones, provision of alternative non-car infrastructure.''' However, improving air pollution from traffic is a very hard task and needs piecemeal introduction. Part of this is awareness raising and induction of changes at the city level itself (different budget allocations, road planning, transport planning etc.). Roadside testing of vehicle emissions is another way to improve awareness and accompany the introduction of more stringent rules and standards. However, security is an issue - not everybody is willing to forgo his/her car and instead walk or cycle due to fears about potential attackers on the street.
-#Reduce NO<sub>x</sub> emissions from small boilers. This starts with a proper stocktaking of small boilers. The form that has to be filled out to comply with the regulation to register boilers is still very complicated and could be simplified a lot. This would help compliance and inventory which is a cornerstone for effective regulation. Likewise, important is the enforcement of the regulations for small boilers including emission testing and reporting.
+#'''Reduce NO<sub>x</sub> emissions from small boilers.''' This starts with a proper stocktaking of small boilers. The form that has to be filled out to comply with the regulation to register boilers is still very complicated and could be simplified a lot. This would help compliance and inventory which is a cornerstone for effective regulation. Likewise, important is the enforcement of the regulations for small boilers including emission testing and reporting.
-#Reduce informal burning of waste. Around 159,000 households (out of 906,000) are assumed to burn their waste due to inadequate waste collection. This makes burning a major emission sector in Tshwane, contributing considerably to emissions of particulates among others. The GIZ will assist the city of Tshwane in addressing this problem by checking feasibility of organic waste collection and turning it to compressed liquid gas (see point 1 above)
+#'''Reduce informal burning of waste.''' Around 159,000 households (out of 906,000) are assumed to burn their waste due to inadequate waste collection. This makes burning a major emission sector in Tshwane, contributing considerably to emissions of particulates among others. The GIZ will assist the city of Tshwane in addressing this problem by checking feasibility of organic waste collection and turning it to compressed liquid gas (see point 1 above)
 {| style="width:100%" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0"
 |-
-| [[File:Air quality management Waste South Africa 01.jpg|border|left|350px|Smoke from burning waste on the roadside.|alt=Smoke from burning waste on the roadside.]]<div style="clear: both"></div><br/>Smoke from burning waste on the roadside.
+| <p style="text-align: right">[[File:Air quality management Waste South Africa 01.jpg|thumb|right|350px|Smoke from burning waste on the roadside.|alt=Smoke from burning waste on the roadside.]]</p><div style="clear: both"></div>
-| [[File:Air quality management Waste South Africa 02.jpg|border|left|350px|Air quality is effected by waste burning.|alt=Air quality is effected by waste burning.]]<div style="clear: both"></div><br/>Air quality is effected by waste burning.
+| <p style="text-align: right">[[File:Air quality management Waste South Africa 02.jpg|thumb|right|350px|Air quality is effected by waste burning.|alt=Air quality is effected by waste burning.]]</p><div style="clear: both"></div>
 |}
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 = Further Information<br/> =
-*Monitoring AQM: [[Air_Quality_Index_(AQI)_-_Hanoi|Air Quality Index (AQI) - Hanoi]]and&nbsp;[[Hanoi_Air_Quality_Monitoring|Hanoi Air Quality Monitoring]] and [[South_African_Air_Quality_information_System_-_SAAQIS|South African Air Quality information System - SAAQIS]]
+*Monitoring AQM: [[Air Quality Index (AQI) - Hanoi|Air Quality Index (AQI) - Hanoiand]]&nbsp;[[Hanoi Air Quality Monitoring|Hanoi Air Quality Monitoring]] and [[South African Air Quality information System - SAAQIS|South African Air Quality information System - SAAQIS]]
 *[[:Portal:Mobility|Portal Mobility]]
 *[[Climate Change and Transport|Climate Change and Transport]]
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 *[[Promoting Rural Development through Mobility|Promoting Rural Development through Mobility]]<br/>
 *[[International Fuel Prices|International Fuel Prices]]<br/>
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 [[Category:Air_Quality_Management]]

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 <br/>
 == Strategies to Improve Air Quality ==
 The AQM plan of Tshwane details several strategies to improve air quality of which only some will be highlighted here:
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 #Reduce NO<sub>x</sub> emissions from small boilers. This starts with a proper stocktaking of small boilers. The form that has to be filled out to comply with the regulation to register boilers is still very complicated and could be simplified a lot. This would help compliance and inventory which is a cornerstone for effective regulation. Likewise, important is the enforcement of the regulations for small boilers including emission testing and reporting.
 #Reduce informal burning of waste. Around 159,000 households (out of 906,000) are assumed to burn their waste due to inadequate waste collection. This makes burning a major emission sector in Tshwane, contributing considerably to emissions of particulates among others. The GIZ will assist the city of Tshwane in addressing this problem by checking feasibility of organic waste collection and turning it to compressed liquid gas (see point 1 above)
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-There are other emission sources like agricultural burning or mining close to the city, but those do have minor climate impacts (even if they pollute the air substantially).
+There are other emission sources like agricultural burning or mining close to the city, but those do have minor climate impacts (even if they pollute the air substantially).<br/>
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 = Further Information<br/> =

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 = Further Information<br/> =
 *[[:Portal:Mobility|Portal Mobility]]
 *[[Climate Change and Transport|Climate Change and Transport]]
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 [[Category:Climate_Change]]

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 [[Category:South_Africa]]
-[[Category:Mobility]]
+[[Category:Air Quality Management]]

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 Air Pollution in Tshwane has several causes: Heavy traffic combined with low fuel standards, a lot of cooking and heating with coal and wood (including small boilers) (see also [[Indoor Air Pollution (IAP)|Indoor Air Pollution (IAP)]]), informal burning of waste, industrial activities like e.g. mining. This is insofar important as it describes responsibilities: public as well as private and business responsibilities with the lead and overall coordination of the efforts in the hands of the city.
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+<br/>
 = Further Information<br/> =
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 = References =

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 *[[:Portal:Mobility|Portal Mobility]]
 *[[Climate Change and Transport|Climate Change and Transport]]
 *[[Air Pollution in Hanoi, Vietnam|Air Pollution in Hanoi, Vietnam]]
 *[[Economic Costs of Air Pollution|Economic Costs of Air Pollution]]<br/>
-*[[Impacts_Environmental|Enviromental Impacts]]
+*[[Impacts Environmental|Enviromental Impacts]]
 *<div class="mw-search-result-heading">[[Indoor Air Pollution (IAP)|Indoor Air Pollution (IAP)]]</div>
 *<div class="mw-search-result-heading">[[Adapting Urban Transport to Climate Change|Adapting Urban Transport to Climate Change]]</div>
 *[[Low Carbon Transport & Green Growth|Low Carbon Transport & Green Growth]]<br/>
-*[[Climate_Change_and_Transport|Climate Change and Transport]]
+*[[Climate Change and Transport|Climate Change and Transport]]
-*[[Assessing_Climate_Finance_for_Sustainable_Transport|Assessing Climate Finance for Sustainable Transport]]<br/>
+*[[Assessing Climate Finance for Sustainable Transport|Assessing Climate Finance for Sustainable Transport]]<br/>
-*[[Resilience_in_the_Transport_Sector|Resilience in the Transport Sector]]<br/>
+*[[Resilience in the Transport Sector|Resilience in the Transport Sector]]<br/>
-*[[Promoting_Rural_Development_through_Mobility|Promoting Rural Development through Mobility]]<br/>
+*[[Promoting Rural Development through Mobility|Promoting Rural Development through Mobility]]<br/>
-*[[International_Fuel_Prices|International Fuel Prices]]<br/>
+*[[International Fuel Prices|International Fuel Prices]]<br/>
 <br/>

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 *[[:Portal:Mobility|Portal Mobility]]
-*Portal Transport
+*[[Category:Transport|Portal Transport]]
-*South Africa
+*[[Category:South_Africa|South Africa]]
 *[[Air Pollution in Hanoi, Vietnam|Air Pollution in Hanoi, Vietnam]]
 *[[Economic Costs of Air Pollution|Economic Costs of Air Pollution]]
 *Enviromental Impacts
 *<div class="mw-search-result-heading">[[Indoor Air Pollution (IAP)|Indoor Air Pollution (IAP)]]</div>
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-<span style="color:#FF0000">Categories: south africa, transport, mobility, climate change, ...</span>
+<br/>
 [[Category:South_Africa]]